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Sku: lpsf11000 sunfish recreational version.
Description
Made by Laser Performance
The Sunfish sailboat combines easy rigging and manageability for a comfortable and hassle free sailing experience. This is the sailboat loved by all. Designed in 1952, the Sunfish is still a favorite with all ages.
With the easy to control and rig triangular lateen sail, the Sunfish is the easiest boat to access the joy of sailing. Find these small sailboats on lakes and bays all over the country in addition to racing fleets all over the world. The single-sail Sunfish is praised for it's simple to rig set up, while it's size and weight make it easy to car top or trailer. The Sunfish is built to last and provide years of worry free enjoyment with minimal maintenance required.
Sunfish Recreational Sail w/ Window
Recreational Spar Set
Ratcheting Mainsheet Block
Standard Line Pack
Fiberglass Rudder
Fiberglass Daggerboard
Aluminum Tiller and Extension
Ice Blue Sunfish Hull
Draft: 2'11"
Sail Area: 75 Square Feet
Hull Weight: 120 lbs
Due to the size of this item, shipping will need to be quoted on a case by case basis. Please contact us directly at (631) 264-0005 for a shipping quote.
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ILCA / Laser Parts
Tillers & Blades
Laser / ilca tillers & blades.
Laser sailboat and ILCA dinghy daggerboards, rudders, tillers, and extensions. In addition to carbon tillers and extensions, class legal rudders and daggerboards, we also carry a full range of spare parts including gudgeons, daggerboard stop sets, rudder bushings, and tiller universal joints.
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ILCA Carbon Tiller
ILCA Aluminum Tiller w/ Extension
ILCA Rudder Head
ILCA Rudder Blade GRP
ILCA Daggerboard Stop Set
ILCA Daggerboard GRP
Rooster Carbon Laser Tiller
Rooster Carbon Tiller Extension
ILCA / Laser Rudder Assembly (Complete)
Omniflex Tiller Joint Universal w/ Rope Core
Tiller Saddle
Laser Daggerboard (Optiparts)
Omniflex Tiller Joint Universal
Laser Tiller Jam Cleat
Laser Daggerboard Stop Set (Nautos)
Laser Rudder Head (Nautos)
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Bobby's Boat Works
Bobby's Boat Works
Rudders, Dagger Boards, and Tillers.
Products and Services
In stock components.
We have many rudders, daggerboard, tillers and other items premade and ready to ship. To see these items please use the shop button at the top of the page and navigate to the item you need for your boat.
Made to Order Components
Due to a high demand for stock items and a large backlog, we are not taking any custom orders at this time.
I built my first boat in 2005 and found the building process to be almost as much fun as being out on the water. Since that time I have built several boats, some for me and some for others. In December 2019 I decided to buy John Owens' business of making rudders, daggerboards and tillers for several production boats. I always found that these were some of my favorite parts to make during a boat build. The foil is such an intimate part to the performance of the boat and making one that water would flow smoothly over fascinated me.
a great reputation for quality products at a fair price and it is my intent to continue that tradition.
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$1,449.00
$1,199.00
$1,049.00
Historically there have essentially been three choices in sail cloth (other than exotic racing fabrics). Dacron, which is affordable, is plain white, has a reasonable life span, and is easy to handle in lighter weights, but has higher stretch and less performance than more modern fabrics. Racing Laminates, which are very light weight, moderately expensive, flashy looking, offer high performance, and are very fragile. Cruising Laminates, which combine the basic construction of a racing laminate with an outer layer of woven Dacron to improve durability. These fabrics are fairly expensive, offer good performance, tend to be somewhat stiff to handle and look essentially like a Dacron sail.
Enter Lite Skin, an all new 6 layer laminate from Dimension Polyant. Lite Skin offers a strength to weight ratio high enough to be a legitimate race fabric, but with such excellent durability and ease of care that it makes a great high end cruising fabric as well. As an added bonus Lite Skin is reasonably priced and has a really cool look. All BWY Lite Skin sails have the premium finish and features you would expect in a high end sail. For an overview of the design and construction of this particular sail click on the "Extended Information" tab. For more information about the Lite Skin technology click on the "Technical Specs" tab.
The same design as the standard spinnaker, but made to order in your choice of colors Does not include sheets.
This is a custom product which typically takes 6 weeks to deliver.
For more information about the Lite Skin technology click on the "Technical Specs" tab.
$999.00
$979.00
$949.00
This sail is our most popular option, and a big upgrade from the economy sail at a really good price. The heavier cloth will hold its good shape much longer through the life of the sail. Includes one reef at 42" and one at 84" rather than the factory sail that had one very deep reef, essentially the second reef with the first reef missing. This gives you the ability to single reef sooner (about 12 - 14 Kts.) and continue to sail comfortably and efficiently in higher winds when double reefed. Also includes jack lines and "dogbone" tack reef fittings for easier reefing. This sail has a loose foot, meaning that the sail is attached to the boom at the tack and with a single heavy outhaul slide. The economy sail has no reef point, and is lighter weight.
This is a BWY Exclusive sail, typically in inventory and available to ship.
$879.00
$829.00
$799.00
This daggerboard is grey barrier coat. It can be bottom painted, just roll on the paint! It is also available with a white gelcoat and polished finish instead of the standard grey barrier coat. The smoother board is more performance oriented.
This item uses $79 flat rate shipping, shown at checkout for domestic shipments. If this is shipping international it will probably not show the correct rate and we will have to contact you with the shipping amount after the order is placed. Canada is usually about $138, other countries will usually be higher than that.
This sail is a very popular option, and a huge upgrade from the factory sail at a really good price. The heavier cloth will hold its good shape much longer through the life of the sail. Includes one reef at 42" which is a standard first reef rather than the factory sail that had one very deep reef, essentially the second reef with the first reef missing. This gives you the ability to reef sooner and continue to sail comfortably and efficiently longer. Also includes jack lines and "dogbone" tack reef fittings for easier reefing. This sail has a loose foot, meaning that the sail is attached to the boom at the tack and with a single heavy outhaul slide. We have also eliminated the unnecessary bolt and foot rope to give better sail shape throughout the life of the sail.
This is a BWY Exclusive sail and is typically in our inventory and available to ship.
PLEASE NOTE THAT HDPE BLADES 6-8 WEEKS TO HAVE MADE
This item uses $50 flat rate shipping, shown at checkout for domestic shipments. If this is shipping international it will probably not show the correct rate and we will have to contact you with the shipping amount after the order is placed. Canada is usually about $80, other countries will usually be higher than that.
$789.00
$749.00
$695.00
A full-radial sail pattern, very cool looking! The price is for the sail alone. You will need sheets, tack hardware, and halyard. We recommend raising your existing halyard if you have roller furling for you headsail, or installing a new halyard 16-24" above your current headstay. This allows the sail to fly with less interference with the headstay and headsail. On the 26M a bow sprit is a nice way to also get less interference with the headstay. Venture 24/224, Venture 25, MacGregor 25, 26C & 26D requires halyard to be raised 24" above headstay.
Does not include sheets
excellent UV protection but does not add as much weight to the sail as an acrylic (Sunbrella) cover. Acrylic covers are very heavy and change shape differently than the rest of the sail over time so you end up with an intact UV strip that has ruined the shape of an otherwise healthy sail. If you mostly trailer your boat we recommend you purchase the version of this sail that comes without a UV cover and use our pull up sock type cover which provides both UV protection while moored and protection from dirt and abrasion while trailering, this gives you the best protection and the best sailing performance.
These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection to your furler.
This is a BWY Exclusive sail, and is typically in our inventory and available to ship.
$689.00
$650.00
$629.00
Match up to your old rudder or bracket to drill. These rudders are fiberglass, made with an improved airfoil shape. 1 year warranty is extended to the original boat owner.
This item uses $50 flat rate shipping, shown at checkout for domestic shipments. If this is shipping international it will probably not show the correct rate and we will have to contact you with the shipping amount after the order is placed. Canada is usually about $80, other countries will usually be higher than that.
Nice way to handle your mainsail! This allows you to just lower the mainsail directly into the mainsail cover and zip the top closed. Lazy jacks contain the sail on the way down. Best to use along with halyards led aft.
The cover is bolt rope on the bottom which inserts into the boom, the sail becomes loose footed. This means that your mainsail will no longer be completely attached along the foot to the boom. The sail will be attached at the same forward attachment you now have and the Kit includes the outhaul slide you will need to attach at the aft end of the boom. Nicely contains your sail when the boom is removed for trailering. Kit includes two blocks for the mast and all lazy jack hardware.
This system requires a notch system in the mast for mainsail loading, this allows the sail to stack all the way down to the boom. If you have the spread mast and sail stop you will need to convert. To convert you will need to close the spread, cut in a notch and purchase a mast gate. To close the spread you will place a 2X4 on top of the spread section on the mast and pound with a hammer until flat.
This is a custom order, please specify the color you would like. Takes 2-6 weeks.
PLEASE CALL IF YOU'D LIKE A COLOR OTHER THAN BLACK. COLORS CAN BE FOUND ON THE SUNBRELLA CANVAS WEBSITE.
LINK HERE--
Made with high quality 5 OZ High Modulus Dacron in a cross cut design. This sails feature all stainless steel corner rings hydraulically pressed into the sail as well as larger corner reinforcements. High quality bronze push style hanks are used to connect to the forestay. While slightly heavier and stiffer to handle than the factory sails, these sails will last much longer, perform better through a larger wind range (your boat will go faster and heel less), and hold their shape better in high winds than the factory sails so you won't have to reef or change down to a small headsail as often.
These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection.
This is a BWY Exclusive sail, and is typically in our inventory and available to ship.
$620.00
$599.00
$549.00
These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection to your furler.
Roller Furling ready with #6 luff tape, fits CDI furling units and other units of that size. The 100% Jib will roll out to reach the mast, but does not reach past. For the larger sail you will need the 150% Genoa. The jib will give you quicker and easier tacks, and allow you to sail into the wind, point, higher than the genoa. This sail has a white UV cover, but we recommend for long term storage to use the hoist up sock / genoa cover to protect it from sun exposure and to protect it while trailering. (picture shows a jib sail, but not on a classic)
These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection to your furler.
This is a BWY Exclusive sail, and is typically in our inventory and available to ship.
$449.00
$449.00
$439.00
Roller Furling ready with #6 luff tape, for CDI furling units and other units with that size. The 100% Jib rolls out to reach the mast but does not go past. Can be rolled and used smaller. The Jib allows you to sail closer to the wind, point higher, and tack faster than the genoa sail (larger reaching past the mast). The heavier weight will give you good performance and hold its shape longer than the standard factory sail which is much lighter weight. Easy to use. This sail has no UV cover and we recommend purchasing the hoist up style jib cover for it. Without UV protection you will need to remove the sail when you are finished sailing and store out of the sun. Or easily pull up the hoist on sock / jib cover. (picture shows a jib, but on a different boat)
These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection to your furler.
A definite upgrade from your old factory sails, but still very reasonably priced. Made with high quality 5 OZ High Modulus Dacron in a cross cut design. These sails feature a hydraulically pressed stainless steel ring for the clew, and reinforced nylon webbing for the head and tack to allow a strong but flexible connection.
While slightly heavier and stiffer to handle than the factory sails, this sail will last much longer, perform better through a larger wind range (your boat will go faster and heel less), and hold their shape better in high winds than the factory sails, so you won't have to reef as often. This is a 100% Jib, the sail does not reach past the mast. The larger sail that reaches past the mast is called a Genoa. Now equipped with upgraded Stainless Steel Snap Hanks to attach to your headstay, super durable and easy to use with one hand. Please call if you have questions.
$395.00
$354.00
$350.00
) if you are re-doing your rigging.
The 26S used some shorter uppers to bring the rig forward a little bit after it was discovered that this improved performance. If you are ordering for a 26D that's fine, we will use the slightly altered lengths to bring your mast forward, you won't have to change any other parts or alter any hardware.
The "add" option refers to the upgraded forestay. The standard is 1/8" but the 5/32" upgrade is the same thickness as the side shrouds. We recommend using this if you usually keep the mast up on your boat.
Note that we use a generic picture for rigging so it may not be of the exact wires your boat will get, but we will make and send you the correct rigging!
$335.00
$329.00
$325.00
$325.00
$299.00
$299.00
Other colors available. 2 to 6 week lead time. Any other color non-refundable.
PLEASE CALL IF YOU'D LIKE A COLOR THAT IS NOT LISTED. COLORS CAN BE FOUND ON THE SUNBRELLA CANVAS WEBSITE.
Live updates: No one remembers the mast snapping before 56m superyacht Bayesian sunk, says crew
No one recalls seeing the mast snap on board the 56-metre Perini Navi sailing yacht Bayesian which sunk off the Italian island of Sicily on 19 August. The eyewitness account of a crewmember on board the vessel, which was obtained by BOAT International , said that the boat was struck by a freak weather event which led to the yacht heeling at around 20 degrees to starboard. As crewmembers were securing items, the heeling angle began to increase rapidly until the yacht started sinking.
The crewmembers who were up on deck were able to evacuate the yacht with minor injuries. The yacht is understood to have sunk in just twelve minutes, and it is believed that a "major ingress" of water from the top down would have caused the sinking, according to a captain who wishes to remain anonymous. This is based on the fact that no breaches have been reported in the yacht's hull, and the fact that the yacht should have been able to remain afloat with two flooded compartments.
"Very difficult to understand what could have overwhelmed a vessel of that size" says captain of sistership
The captain of the sistership to the sunken 56-metre Perini Navi sailing yacht Bayesian has said it is "very difficult to understand what could have overwhelmed a vessel of that size" and called the 56-metre Perini Navi series "bulletproof".
David Hutchinson, captain of Rosehearty , said he had taken the yacht around the world multiple times and he had "total faith in the boat". "We've been to Antarctica and Chile, and we've had her in 70 knots of wind," he says, and the vessel had never put them in a situation that felt unmanageable.
However, Hutchinson noted there were differences between Bayesian and Rosehearty ; notably, Bayesian's 74-metre mast, which would have been heavier and added increased windage. The yacht's layout was also different, with guest accommodation on Bayesian located further forward.
Who's currently missing in the Bayesian disaster?
The yacht's sinking in Italy has resulted in six confirmed deaths and one additional person missing.
The missing individuals are:
British tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch, once dubbed 'Britain's Bill Gates'
Lynch's 18-year-old daughter, Hannah
Morgan Stanley's chairman, Jonathan Bloomer
Judy Bloomer, wife of Morgan Stanley chairman
Chris Morvillo, a lawyer working for London-based law firm Clifford Chance
Neda Morvillo, an American jewellery designer and Chris' wife
It is understood that the yacht was being used to celebrate Lynch's recent victory in a 13-year £8 billion fraud acquittal.
Live updates
A search and rescue is currently underway for one missing person in the waters off Palermo on the Italian island of Sicily.
According to Reuters, five bodies have now been found in the sunken yacht, but their identities have not been revealed. One further person was found immediately after the yacht sunk. One person is still unaccounted for.
Mike Lynch, a British technology entrepreneur who co-founded Autonomy Corporation and founded Invoke Capital, is among the missing.
Lynch’s wife, Angela Bacares, and a one-year-old are among the fifteen people rescued along with Bayesian' s captain, James Cutfield.
Palermo Coastguard has confirmed one body that has been recovered is that of the yacht's chef.
Another sailing vessel in the area, the 42-metre Sir Robert Baden Powell , stepped in to offer assistance in the initial rescue.
Divers have been able to reach Bayesian' s sunken hull, which lies at 45 metres of depth about half a mile from the coast. The yacht had the largest aluminium masts of any sailing yacht on the water.
Eyewitnesses in the area reported "hurricane" conditions off the coast but local weather websites did not indicate any severe squall, which suggests that the weather event was not forecast.
At around 5am local time on 19 August, Bayesian was hit by bad weather and sunk. The sailing yacht was anchored or idle at the time of the incident.
Built in Italy by renowned builder Perini Navi and delivered in 2008, the yacht's naval architecture was developed by Ron Holland Design while the interior design is by Rémi Tessier . She was formerly known as Salute and was last refitted in 2016. She was listed for sale earlier this year, according to BOATPro . The yacht had accommodation for nine guests and 12 crew.
BOAT International will update the story as it develops.
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Sunfish, Daggerboard (Classic Wood)
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This daggerboard fits all model year sunfish. The is the classic wood construction daggerboard.
Old # 66677
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Brand: Sunfish Direct
Product Code: SUN-10003
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Sunfish, Daggerboard (Classic Wood)
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Description
This daggerboard fits all model year sunfish. The is the classic wood construction daggerboard.
Old # 66677
assignments def
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[ uh - sahyn -m uh nt ]
She completed the assignment and went on to other jobs.
Synonyms: job , obligation
He left for his assignment in the Middle East.
an act of assigning; appointment.
the transference of a right, interest, or title, or the instrument of transfer.
a transference of property to assignees for the benefit of creditors.
/ əˈsaɪnmənt /
something that has been assigned, such as a mission or task
a position or post to which a person is assigned
the act of assigning or state of being assigned
assignment of a lease
the document effecting such a transfer
the right, interest, or property transferred
law (formerly) the transfer, esp by an insolvent debtor, of property in trust for the benefit of his creditors
logic a function that associates specific values with each variable in a formal expression
history a system (1789–1841) whereby a convict could become the unpaid servant of a freeman
Other Words From
misas·signment noun
nonas·signment noun
reas·signment noun
Word History and Origins
Origin of assignment 1
Synonym Study
Example sentences.
Yariel Valdés González and I faced these challenges while on assignment in South Florida and the Deep South from July 21-Aug.
They’re putting time into decoration just as they would in their physical classroom, and students can interact with the space by, say, clicking on a bookshelf to get a reading assignment.
For now, if the district moves to in-person learning, instruction in Carlsbad will take place on campus five days per week and students may engage in additional independent practices and other assignments at home.
The assignments must also respect the relationships between the elements in the group.
It’s very hard, by the way, to do real random assignment studies of couples therapy.
His most recent assignment was the 84th Precinct, at the Brooklyn end of the Brooklyn Bridge.
When Lewis was shipped off to Vietnam, his son was just three months old, and the timing of the assignment worried Lewis.
When Vial got that first assignment, she was just beginning her photography career, and Cirque du Soleil was only a few years old.
“For our winter issue, we gave ourselves one assignment: Break The Internet,” wrote Paper.
By the 1950s the rapid assignment of gender to an ambiguously gendered infant had become standard.
Consent to an assignment may be given by the president of the company, without formal vote by the directors.
A transfer by the lessee of the whole or a part of his interest for a part of the time is a sublease and not an assignment.
An assignment to one who has an insurable interest as relative, creditor and the like, is always valid.
When an assignment of it is made, the assignee may sue in his own name for rent accruing after the assignment.
In some states statutes forbid the assignment of such policies for the benefit of creditors.
Related Words
appointment
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Definition of assignment noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
Students are required to complete all homework assignments.
You will need to complete three written assignments per semester.
a business/special assignment
I had set myself a tough assignment.
on an assignment She is in Greece on an assignment for one of the Sunday newspapers.
on assignment one of our reporters on assignment in China
The students handed in their assignments.
The teacher gave us an assignment on pollution.
Why did you take on this assignment if you're so busy?
He refused to accept the assignment.
assignment on
Questions about grammar and vocabulary?
Find the answers with Practical English Usage online, your indispensable guide to problems in English.
his assignment to other duties in the same company
on assignment
Nearby words
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as·sign·ment
As•sign•ment.
An assignment is a task that someone is given to do, usually as part of their job.
An assignment is also a piece of academic work given to students.
In American English, an assignment is also a piece of work given to students to do at home.
Work given to schoolchildren to do at home is also called homework .
Be Careful! Homework is an uncountable noun. You do not talk about 'homeworks' or 'a homework'. Note that you do not say ' I have made my homework '. You say 'I have done my homework'.
- a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces); "hazardous duty" - work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons; "the duties of the job" , , , - the duty of serving as a sentry; "he was on guard that night" , - labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on); "the soldiers were put on fatigue to teach them a lesson"; "they were assigned to kitchen fatigues" , , - a special assignment that is given to a person or group; "a confidential mission to London"; "his charge was deliver a message" - assignment to a different duty , , - naval service aboard a ship at sea - naval service at land bases
- the instrument by which a claim or right or interest or property is transferred from one person to another , , , - (law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some right , - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"
- the act of distributing something to designated places or persons; "the first task is the assignment of an address to each datum" , - (computer science) the assignment of particular areas of a magnetic disk to particular data or instructions - the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning
- (law) a transfer of property by deed of conveyance , - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order" , - a possession whose ownership changes or lapses , - a grant (by a sovereign or a legislative body) of resources to maintain a dependent member of a ruling family; "bishoprics were received as appanages for the younger sons of great families" - a grant of public land (as to a railway or college)
- an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor) , - a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacher , , , - any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; "he prepared for great undertakings" , - an assignment to write something
- the act of putting a person into a non-elective position; "the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee" , , , , - the act of making up your mind about something; "the burden of decision was his"; "he drew his conclusions quickly" - the act of officially naming a candidate; "the Republican nomination for Governor" , - the act of appointing summarily (with or without the appointee's consent) - the appointment of a delegate , - the act of ordaining; the act of conferring (or receiving) holy orders; "the rabbi's family was present for his ordination" - designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body; "he was unable to make his motion because he couldn't get recognition by the chairman"
admeasurement
all nighter
annual training
anthropopathism
anthropopathy
anthropophuism
anthropopsychism
apportionment
apportionment (air)
assignation
Assignment of dower
assibilation
Assideanism
assiduously
assiduousness
assignability
assigned risk
assimilability
assimilable
assimilating
assimilation
assimilationism
assimilationist
assimilative
assimilator
assimilatory
Assimulation
Assiniboine
Assiniboine Mount
Assiniboine River
assistance dog
assistance mechanism
assigned to you
assigning to
Assignment (computer science)
Assignment (education)
Assignment (law)
Assignment Action Number
Assignment and Analysis of Broadband Spectra
Assignment and Justification Questionnaire
Assignment and Lease
Assignment and Licensing System
Assignment and Transmittal Document
Assignment Area
Assignment Availability Code
Assignment by Choice
Assignment Capsule
Assignment Capsules
Assignment Clause, Life Insurance
Assignment Completed
Assignment Consideration
Assignment Control Authority
Assignment Control Number
Assignment Coordination Group
Assignment Data Card
Assignment Date
Assignment Eligibility & Availability
Assignment for benefit of creditors
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ABBREVIATIONS
BIOGRAPHIES
CALCULATORS
CONVERSIONS
DEFINITIONS
Vocabulary
What does assignment mean?
Definitions for assignment əˈsaɪn mənt as·sign·ment, this dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word assignment ., princeton's wordnet rate this definition: 4.0 / 1 vote.
assignment, duty assignment noun
a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces)
"hazardous duty"
assignment noun
the instrument by which a claim or right or interest or property is transferred from one person to another
assignment, assigning noun
the act of distributing something to designated places or persons
"the first task is the assignment of an address to each datum"
grant, assignment noun
(law) a transfer of property by deed of conveyance
an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor)
appointment, assignment, designation, naming noun
the act of putting a person into a non-elective position
"the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee"
Wiktionary Rate this definition: 1.0 / 1 vote
the act of assigning, or an assigned task
a position to which someone is assigned
a task given to students, homework or coursework
a transfer of something from one person to another, especially property, or a claim or right; the document that effects this transfer
an operation that assigns a value to a variable
Etymology: assignement
Samuel Johnson's Dictionary Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes
Assignment noun
Appointment of one thing with regard to another thing or person.
Etymology: from assign.
The only thing which maketh any place publick, is the publick assignment thereof unto such duties. Richard Hooker , b. v. § 12.
This institution, which assigns it to a person, whom we have no rule to know, is just as good as an assignment to no body at all. John Locke.
ChatGPT Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes
An assignment is a task or duty that is given or assigned to someone, often as part of their job or academic work. It refers to the allocation of responsibilities or roles to individuals or groups, usually within the context of projects, homework, or duties. Assignment can also refer to the act of transferring rights, property or obligations from one party to another.
Webster Dictionary Rate this definition: 4.0 / 1 vote
an allotting or an appointment to a particular person or use; or for a particular time, as of a cause or causes in court
a transfer of title or interest by writing, as of lease, bond, note, or bill of exchange; a transfer of the whole of some particular estate or interest in lands
the writing by which an interest is transferred
the transfer of the property of a bankrupt to certain persons called assignees, in whom it is vested for the benefit of creditors
In computer programming, an assignment statement sets and/or re-sets the value stored in the storage location denoted by a variable name, in other words, it copies the value into the variable. In most imperative programming languages, the assignment statement is a fundamental construct. Today, the most commonly used notation for this basic operation has come to be x = expr followed by x := expr, although there are many other notations in use. In some languages the symbol used is regarded as an operator while others define the assignment as a statement. Assignments typically allow a variable to hold different values at different times during its life-span and scope. However, some languages does not allow that kind of "destructive" re-assignment, as it might imply changes of non-local state. The purpose is to enforce referential transparency, i.e. functions that do not depend on the state of some variable, but produce the same results for a given set of parametric inputs at any point in time. Modern programs in other languages also often use similar strategies, although less strict, and only in certain parts, in order to reduce complexity, normally in conjunction with complementing methodologies such as data structuring, structured programming and object orientation.
Military Dictionary and Gazetteer Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes
If, upon marches, guards, or in quarters, different corps of the army shall happen to join or do duty together, the officer highest in rank of the line of the army, marine corps, or militia, by commission, there on duty or in quarters, shall command the whole, and give orders for what is needful to the service, unless otherwise specially directed by the President of the United States, according to the nature of the case. See Appendix, Articles of War, 122.
Editors Contribution Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes
A specific task or goal assigned to a person or team to achieve.
The assignment is easy and simple to complete.
Submitted by MaryC on March 13, 2020
Suggested Resources Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes
Song lyrics by assignment -- Explore a large variety of song lyrics performed by assignment on the Lyrics.com website.
Matched Categories
Legal Document
Transferred Property
Undertaking
British National Corpus
Written Corpus Frequency
Rank popularity for the word 'assignment' in Written Corpus Frequency: #3553
Nouns Frequency
Rank popularity for the word 'assignment' in Nouns Frequency: #2041
How to pronounce assignment?
Alex US English David US English Mark US English Daniel British Libby British Mia British Karen Australian Hayley Australian Natasha Australian Veena Indian Priya Indian Neerja Indian Zira US English Oliver British Wendy British Fred US English Tessa South African
How to say assignment in sign language?
Chaldean Numerology
The numerical value of assignment in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
Pythagorean Numerology
The numerical value of assignment in Pythagorean Numerology is: 4
Examples of assignment in a Sentence
Herbie Ziskend :
She took that assignment , traveled the country, met with providers and Americans, and convened lawmakers, and worked to get this into the final bill.
Norm Eisen :
I think more likely than not that we do end up with a special counsel assignment .
Mother Annie Langston :
I feel that a different type of assignment or report could have been chosen.
Baltasar Gracian :
Great ability develops and reveals itself increasingly with every new assignment .
Herry Jam :
Assignment help: Your compass through the labyrinth of learning, guiding you to success one task at a time.
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assigning noun
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assignment of pay
assignment problem
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noun as in responsibility, task
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noun as in selecting or setting apart
distribution
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authorization
consignment
designation
determination
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Example Sentences
He traveled to China, India, Russia, and Africa for fashion-related assignments.
Among his previous assignments were stints in war zones like Afghanistan and the Congo.
He also had a reputation for not sticking to the brief of his assignments.
His writing assignments were filled with “a disturbing level” of mayhem, war, and death.
The first faux-Fleming assignments went to writers such as Kingsley Amis (writing as “Robert Markham”) and John Gardner.
Toward the end of the campaign his assignments increased until all his time was taken.
Assignments came to be made of one acre to a family, near the palisaded hamlet for convenience and better security.
For a short time he had no assignments that taxed his abilities in either direction.
If you make as good time as you have made on some other assignments, you can get back here before 10:30.
Not a lot of business-reporting assignments involved spending time with half-naked, sun-baked dudes in remote southern junkyards.
On this page you'll find 38 synonyms, antonyms, and words related to assignments, such as: duty, chore, appointment, practice, job, and drill.
Home » Assignment – Types, Examples and Writing Guide
Assignment – Types, Examples and Writing Guide
Table of Contents
Definition:
Assignment is a task given to students by a teacher or professor, usually as a means of assessing their understanding and application of course material. Assignments can take various forms, including essays, research papers, presentations, problem sets, lab reports, and more.
Assignments are typically designed to be completed outside of class time and may require independent research, critical thinking, and analysis. They are often graded and used as a significant component of a student’s overall course grade. The instructions for an assignment usually specify the goals, requirements, and deadlines for completion, and students are expected to meet these criteria to earn a good grade.
History of Assignment
The use of assignments as a tool for teaching and learning has been a part of education for centuries. Following is a brief history of the Assignment.
Ancient Times: Assignments such as writing exercises, recitations, and memorization tasks were used to reinforce learning.
Medieval Period : Universities began to develop the concept of the assignment, with students completing essays, commentaries, and translations to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the subject matter.
19th Century : With the growth of schools and universities, assignments became more widespread and were used to assess student progress and achievement.
20th Century: The rise of distance education and online learning led to the further development of assignments as an integral part of the educational process.
Present Day: Assignments continue to be used in a variety of educational settings and are seen as an effective way to promote student learning and assess student achievement. The nature and format of assignments continue to evolve in response to changing educational needs and technological innovations.
Types of Assignment
Here are some of the most common types of assignments:
An essay is a piece of writing that presents an argument, analysis, or interpretation of a topic or question. It usually consists of an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
Essay structure:
Introduction : introduces the topic and thesis statement
Body paragraphs : each paragraph presents a different argument or idea, with evidence and analysis to support it
Conclusion : summarizes the key points and reiterates the thesis statement
Research paper
A research paper involves gathering and analyzing information on a particular topic, and presenting the findings in a well-structured, documented paper. It usually involves conducting original research, collecting data, and presenting it in a clear, organized manner.
Research paper structure:
Title page : includes the title of the paper, author’s name, date, and institution
Abstract : summarizes the paper’s main points and conclusions
Introduction : provides background information on the topic and research question
Literature review: summarizes previous research on the topic
Methodology : explains how the research was conducted
Results : presents the findings of the research
Discussion : interprets the results and draws conclusions
Conclusion : summarizes the key findings and implications
A case study involves analyzing a real-life situation, problem or issue, and presenting a solution or recommendations based on the analysis. It often involves extensive research, data analysis, and critical thinking.
Case study structure:
Introduction : introduces the case study and its purpose
Background : provides context and background information on the case
Analysis : examines the key issues and problems in the case
Solution/recommendations: proposes solutions or recommendations based on the analysis
Conclusion: Summarize the key points and implications
A lab report is a scientific document that summarizes the results of a laboratory experiment or research project. It typically includes an introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
Lab report structure:
Title page : includes the title of the experiment, author’s name, date, and institution
Abstract : summarizes the purpose, methodology, and results of the experiment
Methods : explains how the experiment was conducted
Results : presents the findings of the experiment
Presentation
A presentation involves delivering information, data or findings to an audience, often with the use of visual aids such as slides, charts, or diagrams. It requires clear communication skills, good organization, and effective use of technology.
Presentation structure:
Introduction : introduces the topic and purpose of the presentation
Body : presents the main points, findings, or data, with the help of visual aids
Conclusion : summarizes the key points and provides a closing statement
Creative Project
A creative project is an assignment that requires students to produce something original, such as a painting, sculpture, video, or creative writing piece. It allows students to demonstrate their creativity and artistic skills.
Creative project structure:
Introduction : introduces the project and its purpose
Body : presents the creative work, with explanations or descriptions as needed
Conclusion : summarizes the key elements and reflects on the creative process.
Examples of Assignments
Following are Examples of Assignment templates samples:
Essay template:
I. Introduction
Hook: Grab the reader’s attention with a catchy opening sentence.
Background: Provide some context or background information on the topic.
Thesis statement: State the main argument or point of your essay.
II. Body paragraphs
Topic sentence: Introduce the main idea or argument of the paragraph.
Evidence: Provide evidence or examples to support your point.
Analysis: Explain how the evidence supports your argument.
Transition: Use a transition sentence to lead into the next paragraph.
III. Conclusion
Restate thesis: Summarize your main argument or point.
Review key points: Summarize the main points you made in your essay.
Concluding thoughts: End with a final thought or call to action.
Research paper template:
I. Title page
Title: Give your paper a descriptive title.
Author: Include your name and institutional affiliation.
Date: Provide the date the paper was submitted.
II. Abstract
Background: Summarize the background and purpose of your research.
Methodology: Describe the methods you used to conduct your research.
Results: Summarize the main findings of your research.
Conclusion: Provide a brief summary of the implications and conclusions of your research.
III. Introduction
Background: Provide some background information on the topic.
Research question: State your research question or hypothesis.
Purpose: Explain the purpose of your research.
IV. Literature review
Background: Summarize previous research on the topic.
Gaps in research: Identify gaps or areas that need further research.
V. Methodology
Participants: Describe the participants in your study.
Procedure: Explain the procedure you used to conduct your research.
Measures: Describe the measures you used to collect data.
VI. Results
Quantitative results: Summarize the quantitative data you collected.
Qualitative results: Summarize the qualitative data you collected.
VII. Discussion
Interpretation: Interpret the results and explain what they mean.
Implications: Discuss the implications of your research.
Limitations: Identify any limitations or weaknesses of your research.
VIII. Conclusion
Review key points: Summarize the main points you made in your paper.
Case study template:
Background: Provide background information on the case.
Research question: State the research question or problem you are examining.
Purpose: Explain the purpose of the case study.
II. Analysis
Problem: Identify the main problem or issue in the case.
Factors: Describe the factors that contributed to the problem.
Alternative solutions: Describe potential solutions to the problem.
III. Solution/recommendations
Proposed solution: Describe the solution you are proposing.
Rationale: Explain why this solution is the best one.
Implementation: Describe how the solution can be implemented.
IV. Conclusion
Summary: Summarize the main points of your case study.
Lab report template:
Title: Give your report a descriptive title.
Date: Provide the date the report was submitted.
Background: Summarize the background and purpose of the experiment.
Methodology: Describe the methods you used to conduct the experiment.
Results: Summarize the main findings of the experiment.
Conclusion: Provide a brief summary of the implications and conclusions
Background: Provide some background information on the experiment.
Hypothesis: State your hypothesis or research question.
Purpose: Explain the purpose of the experiment.
IV. Materials and methods
Materials: List the materials and equipment used in the experiment.
Procedure: Describe the procedure you followed to conduct the experiment.
Data: Present the data you collected in tables or graphs.
Analysis: Analyze the data and describe the patterns or trends you observed.
VI. Discussion
Implications: Discuss the implications of your findings.
Limitations: Identify any limitations or weaknesses of the experiment.
VII. Conclusion
Restate hypothesis: Summarize your hypothesis or research question.
Review key points: Summarize the main points you made in your report.
Presentation template:
Attention grabber: Grab the audience’s attention with a catchy opening.
Purpose: Explain the purpose of your presentation.
Overview: Provide an overview of what you will cover in your presentation.
II. Main points
Main point 1: Present the first main point of your presentation.
Supporting details: Provide supporting details or evidence to support your point.
Main point 2: Present the second main point of your presentation.
Main point 3: Present the third main point of your presentation.
Summary: Summarize the main points of your presentation.
Call to action: End with a final thought or call to action.
Creative writing template:
Setting: Describe the setting of your story.
Characters: Introduce the main characters of your story.
Rising action: Introduce the conflict or problem in your story.
Climax: Present the most intense moment of the story.
Falling action: Resolve the conflict or problem in your story.
Resolution: Describe how the conflict or problem was resolved.
Final thoughts: End with a final thought or reflection on the story.
How to Write Assignment
Here is a general guide on how to write an assignment:
Understand the assignment prompt: Before you begin writing, make sure you understand what the assignment requires. Read the prompt carefully and make note of any specific requirements or guidelines.
Research and gather information: Depending on the type of assignment, you may need to do research to gather information to support your argument or points. Use credible sources such as academic journals, books, and reputable websites.
Organize your ideas : Once you have gathered all the necessary information, organize your ideas into a clear and logical structure. Consider creating an outline or diagram to help you visualize your ideas.
Write a draft: Begin writing your assignment using your organized ideas and research. Don’t worry too much about grammar or sentence structure at this point; the goal is to get your thoughts down on paper.
Revise and edit: After you have written a draft, revise and edit your work. Make sure your ideas are presented in a clear and concise manner, and that your sentences and paragraphs flow smoothly.
Proofread: Finally, proofread your work for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors. It’s a good idea to have someone else read over your assignment as well to catch any mistakes you may have missed.
Submit your assignment : Once you are satisfied with your work, submit your assignment according to the instructions provided by your instructor or professor.
Applications of Assignment
Assignments have many applications across different fields and industries. Here are a few examples:
Education : Assignments are a common tool used in education to help students learn and demonstrate their knowledge. They can be used to assess a student’s understanding of a particular topic, to develop critical thinking skills, and to improve writing and research abilities.
Business : Assignments can be used in the business world to assess employee skills, to evaluate job performance, and to provide training opportunities. They can also be used to develop business plans, marketing strategies, and financial projections.
Journalism : Assignments are often used in journalism to produce news articles, features, and investigative reports. Journalists may be assigned to cover a particular event or topic, or to research and write a story on a specific subject.
Research : Assignments can be used in research to collect and analyze data, to conduct experiments, and to present findings in written or oral form. Researchers may be assigned to conduct research on a specific topic, to write a research paper, or to present their findings at a conference or seminar.
Government : Assignments can be used in government to develop policy proposals, to conduct research, and to analyze data. Government officials may be assigned to work on a specific project or to conduct research on a particular topic.
Non-profit organizations: Assignments can be used in non-profit organizations to develop fundraising strategies, to plan events, and to conduct research. Volunteers may be assigned to work on a specific project or to help with a particular task.
Purpose of Assignment
The purpose of an assignment varies depending on the context in which it is given. However, some common purposes of assignments include:
Assessing learning: Assignments are often used to assess a student’s understanding of a particular topic or concept. This allows educators to determine if a student has mastered the material or if they need additional support.
Developing skills: Assignments can be used to develop a wide range of skills, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, research, and communication. Assignments that require students to analyze and synthesize information can help to build these skills.
Encouraging creativity: Assignments can be designed to encourage students to be creative and think outside the box. This can help to foster innovation and original thinking.
Providing feedback : Assignments provide an opportunity for teachers to provide feedback to students on their progress and performance. Feedback can help students to understand where they need to improve and to develop a growth mindset.
Meeting learning objectives : Assignments can be designed to help students meet specific learning objectives or outcomes. For example, a writing assignment may be designed to help students improve their writing skills, while a research assignment may be designed to help students develop their research skills.
When to write Assignment
Assignments are typically given by instructors or professors as part of a course or academic program. The timing of when to write an assignment will depend on the specific requirements of the course or program, but in general, assignments should be completed within the timeframe specified by the instructor or program guidelines.
It is important to begin working on assignments as soon as possible to ensure enough time for research, writing, and revisions. Waiting until the last minute can result in rushed work and lower quality output.
It is also important to prioritize assignments based on their due dates and the amount of work required. This will help to manage time effectively and ensure that all assignments are completed on time.
In addition to assignments given by instructors or professors, there may be other situations where writing an assignment is necessary. For example, in the workplace, assignments may be given to complete a specific project or task. In these situations, it is important to establish clear deadlines and expectations to ensure that the assignment is completed on time and to a high standard.
Characteristics of Assignment
Here are some common characteristics of assignments:
Purpose : Assignments have a specific purpose, such as assessing knowledge or developing skills. They are designed to help students learn and achieve specific learning objectives.
Requirements: Assignments have specific requirements that must be met, such as a word count, format, or specific content. These requirements are usually provided by the instructor or professor.
Deadline: Assignments have a specific deadline for completion, which is usually set by the instructor or professor. It is important to meet the deadline to avoid penalties or lower grades.
Individual or group work: Assignments can be completed individually or as part of a group. Group assignments may require collaboration and communication with other group members.
Feedback : Assignments provide an opportunity for feedback from the instructor or professor. This feedback can help students to identify areas of improvement and to develop their skills.
Academic integrity: Assignments require academic integrity, which means that students must submit original work and avoid plagiarism. This includes citing sources properly and following ethical guidelines.
Learning outcomes : Assignments are designed to help students achieve specific learning outcomes. These outcomes are usually related to the course objectives and may include developing critical thinking skills, writing abilities, or subject-specific knowledge.
Advantages of Assignment
There are several advantages of assignment, including:
Helps in learning: Assignments help students to reinforce their learning and understanding of a particular topic. By completing assignments, students get to apply the concepts learned in class, which helps them to better understand and retain the information.
Develops critical thinking skills: Assignments often require students to think critically and analyze information in order to come up with a solution or answer. This helps to develop their critical thinking skills, which are important for success in many areas of life.
Encourages creativity: Assignments that require students to create something, such as a piece of writing or a project, can encourage creativity and innovation. This can help students to develop new ideas and perspectives, which can be beneficial in many areas of life.
Builds time-management skills: Assignments often come with deadlines, which can help students to develop time-management skills. Learning how to manage time effectively is an important skill that can help students to succeed in many areas of life.
Provides feedback: Assignments provide an opportunity for students to receive feedback on their work. This feedback can help students to identify areas where they need to improve and can help them to grow and develop.
Limitations of Assignment
There are also some limitations of assignments that should be considered, including:
Limited scope: Assignments are often limited in scope, and may not provide a comprehensive understanding of a particular topic. They may only cover a specific aspect of a topic, and may not provide a full picture of the subject matter.
Lack of engagement: Some assignments may not engage students in the learning process, particularly if they are repetitive or not challenging enough. This can lead to a lack of motivation and interest in the subject matter.
Time-consuming: Assignments can be time-consuming, particularly if they require a lot of research or writing. This can be a disadvantage for students who have other commitments, such as work or extracurricular activities.
Unreliable assessment: The assessment of assignments can be subjective and may not always accurately reflect a student’s understanding or abilities. The grading may be influenced by factors such as the instructor’s personal biases or the student’s writing style.
Lack of feedback : Although assignments can provide feedback, this feedback may not always be detailed or useful. Instructors may not have the time or resources to provide detailed feedback on every assignment, which can limit the value of the feedback that students receive.
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Muhammad Hassan
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Assignation or assignment
| Grammarist
An assignment is a task given to a specific person or group to complete. It can also mean the act of assigning . In some legal fields it can refer to the transferring of ownership of property.
An assignation is the act of assigning or the actual assignment. But it also means a secret rendezvous for lovers, most especially for affairs or illicit relationships. Sometimes this is used to mean a secret meeting or a regularly set meeting, but it would be confusing in this sense to those who are familiar with the standard meaning (see the example below). As a mass noun it can refer to something as being owned or belonging to something else.
Examples The choice has not been made, but it appears the team is more likely to option Orlando to Omaha, rather than designate Dyson for assignment. [ The Kansas City Star ] According to a criminal complaint, Ms Dale, 21, told a detective that Ethan refused to complete the assignment for the first time on 24 February. [ International Business Times ] I vaguely remember seeing images of Delhiites being water-hosed by police while rioting for “Nirbhaya,” an assignation that means “Fearless One,” given to Pandey by the media as authorities would not release her name. [ Huffington Post ] The rare exceptions include a scene in which Shulem follows his wife to an assignation with Félix, slapping his romantic rival to the sidewalk like a petulant schoolboy. [ The Washington Post ] Over the past few months, RPG Enterprises chairman Harsh Goenka, has been having an assignation every other Friday for a few hours. [ India Times ]
Grammarist is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. When you buy via the links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission at no cost to you.
What is assignment in education? Assignment meaning is the tasks given to students by their teachers and tutors to complete in a defined time. They can also be referred to as the work given to someone as a part of learning. Assignments can be in the form of written, practical, art or fieldwork, or even online. Their purpose is to ensure that students understand the subject matter thoroughly.
Generally, students are assigned a task as a part of their homework. The allocation of assignments is not only restricted to a class or subject but this method can be applied at any stage of life. They are a great way to judge the ability and understanding of an individual towards a subject matter.
The culture of providing homework starts from kindergarten in various forms. Small children are asked to read and write what they learn in the class. Students in the higher class are given work as a part of their revision exercise and help them prepare for exams. Individuals doing honors write journals as a part of an assignment that determines their knowledge in that subject.
The structure of assignments depends upon the nature of the task and subject. They must be well-researched, including case studies or examples within a proper framework. These studies are useful for students to achieve the desired examination results. It also helps them to concentrate better on education. Knowing what is assignment in education helps teachers assess students better.
Importance of Assignments
Giving assignments to the students is a crucial part of student assessment. The importance of giving assignments to the students is discussed in detail below:
Learning practical skills Assignments enable students to develop new skills. In order to complete the assignments, students learn new skills which help them in their academic careers.
Enhances time management skills Whenever assignments are allocated to the students, a time limit is set by teachers within which the assignment has to be submitted. What is assignment in education enable students to complete their tasks and learn timely submission of work.
Learning researching skills Students tend to do a lot of research about the questions given in the assignment. Assignment meaning is to help them develop their research skills and come in handy in their future careers.
Enhance the Writing Caliber Many students have a problem of not being able to put their thoughts into words. Writing assignments can help them develop writing skills and be expressive in real life as well.
Since assignments are deadline-based, they help students take responsibility and manage time. The work assigned to students may be individual or group activities, or both, to develop teamwork in them.
The above-mentioned information gives us a context of assignment meaning and its importance to the students. Assignments provide a basis for the student assessment and should be given timely.
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Cambridge Dictionary +Plus
Meaning of assignment in English
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It was a plum assignment - more of a vacation really.
He took this award-winning photograph while on assignment in the Middle East .
His two-year assignment to the Mexico office starts in September .
She first visited Norway on assignment for the winter Olympics ten years ago.
He fell in love with the area after being there on assignment for National Geographic in the 1950s.
act as something
all work and no play (makes Jack a dull boy) idiom
be at work idiom
be in work idiom
housekeeping
in the line of duty idiom
join duty idiom
undertaking
You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:
assignment | Intermediate English
Assignment | business english, examples of assignment, collocations with assignment.
These are words often used in combination with assignment .
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Translations of assignment
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used for saying that you accept that you are wrong or that something is your fault
Committing, tackling, and solving: Talking about crime
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Assignment: Definition in Finance, How It Works, and Examples
Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and behavioral finance. Adam received his master's in economics from The New School for Social Research and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in sociology. He is a CFA charterholder as well as holding FINRA Series 7, 55 & 63 licenses. He currently researches and teaches economic sociology and the social studies of finance at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
Yarilet Perez is an experienced multimedia journalist and fact-checker with a Master of Science in Journalism. She has worked in multiple cities covering breaking news, politics, education, and more. Her expertise is in personal finance and investing, and real estate.
What Is an Assignment?
Assignment most often refers to one of two definitions in the financial world:
The transfer of an individual's rights or property to another person or business. This concept exists in a variety of business transactions and is often spelled out contractually.
In trading, assignment occurs when an option contract is exercised. The owner of the contract exercises the contract and assigns the option writer to an obligation to complete the requirements of the contract.
Key Takeaways
Assignment is a transfer of rights or property from one party to another.
Options assignments occur when option buyers exercise their rights to a position in a security.
Other examples of assignments can be found in wages, mortgages, and leases.
Uses For Assignments
Assignment refers to the transfer of some or all property rights and obligations associated with an asset, property, contract, or other asset of value. to another entity through a written agreement.
Assignment rights happen every day in many different situations. A payee, like a utility or a merchant, assigns the right to collect payment from a written check to a bank. A merchant can assign the funds from a line of credit to a manufacturing third party that makes a product that the merchant will eventually sell. A trademark owner can transfer, sell, or give another person interest in the trademark or logo. A homeowner who sells their house assigns the deed to the new buyer.
To be effective, an assignment must involve parties with legal capacity, consideration, consent, and legality of the object.
A wage assignment is a forced payment of an obligation by automatic withholding from an employee’s pay. Courts issue wage assignments for people late with child or spousal support, taxes, loans, or other obligations. Money is automatically subtracted from a worker's paycheck without consent if they have a history of nonpayment. For example, a person delinquent on $100 monthly loan payments has a wage assignment deducting the money from their paycheck and sent to the lender. Wage assignments are helpful in paying back long-term debts.
Another instance can be found in a mortgage assignment. This is where a mortgage deed gives a lender interest in a mortgaged property in return for payments received. Lenders often sell mortgages to third parties, such as other lenders. A mortgage assignment document clarifies the assignment of contract and instructs the borrower in making future mortgage payments, and potentially modifies the mortgage terms.
A final example involves a lease assignment. This benefits a relocating tenant wanting to end a lease early or a landlord looking for rent payments to pay creditors. Once the new tenant signs the lease, taking over responsibility for rent payments and other obligations, the previous tenant is released from those responsibilities. In a separate lease assignment, a landlord agrees to pay a creditor through an assignment of rent due under rental property leases. The agreement is used to pay a mortgage lender if the landlord defaults on the loan or files for bankruptcy . Any rental income would then be paid directly to the lender.
Options Assignment
Options can be assigned when a buyer decides to exercise their right to buy (or sell) stock at a particular strike price . The corresponding seller of the option is not determined when a buyer opens an option trade, but only at the time that an option holder decides to exercise their right to buy stock. So an option seller with open positions is matched with the exercising buyer via automated lottery. The randomly selected seller is then assigned to fulfill the buyer's rights. This is known as an option assignment.
Once assigned, the writer (seller) of the option will have the obligation to sell (if a call option ) or buy (if a put option ) the designated number of shares of stock at the agreed-upon price (the strike price). For instance, if the writer sold calls they would be obligated to sell the stock, and the process is often referred to as having the stock called away . For puts, the buyer of the option sells stock (puts stock shares) to the writer in the form of a short-sold position.
Suppose a trader owns 100 call options on company ABC's stock with a strike price of $10 per share. The stock is now trading at $30 and ABC is due to pay a dividend shortly. As a result, the trader exercises the options early and receives 10,000 shares of ABC paid at $10. At the same time, the other side of the long call (the short call) is assigned the contract and must deliver the shares to the long.
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Assignment of Contract
Jump to section, what is an assignment of contract.
An assignment of contract is a legal term that describes the process that occurs when the original party (assignor) transfers their rights and obligations under their contract to a third party (assignee). When an assignment of contract happens, the original party is relieved of their contractual duties, and their role is replaced by the approved incoming party.
How Does Assignment of Contract Work?
An assignment of contract is simpler than you might think.
The process starts with an existing contract party who wishes to transfer their contractual obligations to a new party.
When this occurs, the existing contract party must first confirm that an assignment of contract is permissible under the legally binding agreement . Some contracts prohibit assignments of contract altogether, and some require the other parties of the agreement to agree to the transfer. However, the general rule is that contracts are freely assignable unless there is an explicit provision that says otherwise.
In other cases, some contracts allow an assignment of contract without any formal notification to other contract parties. If this is the case, once the existing contract party decides to reassign his duties, he must create a “Letter of Assignment ” to notify any other contract signers of the change.
The Letter of Assignment must include details about who is to take over the contractual obligations of the exiting party and when the transfer will take place. If the assignment is valid, the assignor is not required to obtain the consent or signature of the other parties to the original contract for the valid assignment to take place.
Check out this article to learn more about how assigning a contract works.
Contract Assignment Examples
Contract assignments are great tools for contract parties to use when they wish to transfer their commitments to a third party. Here are some examples of contract assignments to help you better understand them:
Anna signs a contract with a local trash company that entitles her to have her trash picked up twice a week. A year later, the trash company transferred her contract to a new trash service provider. This contract assignment effectively makes Anna’s contract now with the new service provider.
Hasina enters a contract with a national phone company for cell phone service. The company goes into bankruptcy and needs to close its doors but decides to transfer all current contracts to another provider who agrees to honor the same rates and level of service. The contract assignment is completed, and Hasina now has a contract with the new phone company as a result.
Here is an article where you can find out more about contract assignments.
Jeremiah C.
Assignment of Contract in Real Estate
Assignment of contract is also used in real estate to make money without going the well-known routes of buying and flipping houses. When real estate LLC investors use an assignment of contract, they can make money off properties without ever actually buying them by instead opting to transfer real estate contracts .
This process is called real estate wholesaling.
Real Estate Wholesaling
Real estate wholesaling consists of locating deals on houses that you don’t plan to buy but instead plan to enter a contract to reassign the house to another buyer and pocket the profit.
The process is simple: real estate wholesalers negotiate purchase contracts with sellers. Then, they present these contracts to buyers who pay them an assignment fee for transferring the contract.
This process works because a real estate purchase agreement does not come with the obligation to buy a property. Instead, it sets forth certain purchasing parameters that must be fulfilled by the buyer of the property. In a nutshell, whoever signs the purchase contract has the right to buy the property, but those rights can usually be transferred by means of an assignment of contract.
This means that as long as the buyer who’s involved in the assignment of contract agrees with the purchasing terms, they can legally take over the contract.
But how do real estate wholesalers find these properties?
It is easier than you might think. Here are a few examples of ways that wholesalers find cheap houses to turn a profit on:
Direct mailers
Place newspaper ads
Make posts in online forums
Social media posts
The key to finding the perfect home for an assignment of contract is to locate sellers that are looking to get rid of their properties quickly. This might be a family who is looking to relocate for a job opportunity or someone who needs to make repairs on a home but can’t afford it. Either way, the quicker the wholesaler can close the deal, the better.
Once a property is located, wholesalers immediately go to work getting the details ironed out about how the sale will work. Transparency is key when it comes to wholesaling. This means that when a wholesaler intends to use an assignment of contract to transfer the rights to another person, they are always upfront about during the preliminary phases of the sale.
In addition to this practice just being good business, it makes sure the process goes as smoothly as possible later down the line. Wholesalers are clear in their intent and make sure buyers know that the contract could be transferred to another buyer before the closing date arrives.
After their offer is accepted and warranties are determined, wholesalers move to complete a title search . Title searches ensure that sellers have the right to enter into a purchase agreement on the property. They do this by searching for any outstanding tax payments, liens , or other roadblocks that could prevent the sale from going through.
Wholesalers also often work with experienced real estate lawyers who ensure that all of the legal paperwork is forthcoming and will stand up in court. Lawyers can also assist in the contract negotiation process if needed but often don’t come in until the final stages.
If the title search comes back clear and the real estate lawyer gives the green light, the wholesaler will immediately move to locate an entity to transfer the rights to buy.
One of the most attractive advantages of real estate wholesaling is that very little money is needed to get started. The process of finding a seller, negotiating a price, and performing a title search is an extremely cheap process that almost anyone can do.
On the other hand, it is not always a positive experience. It can be hard for wholesalers to find sellers who will agree to sell their homes for less than the market value. Even when they do, there is always a chance that the transferred buyer will back out of the sale, which leaves wholesalers obligated to either purchase the property themselves or scramble to find a new person to complete an assignment of contract with.
Learn more about assignment of contract in real estate by checking out this article .
Who Handles Assignment of Contract?
The best person to handle an assignment of contract is an attorney. Since these are detailed legal documents that deal with thousands of dollars, it is never a bad idea to have a professional on your side. If you need help with an assignment of contract or signing a business contract , post a project on ContractsCounsel. There, you can connect with attorneys who know everything there is to know about assignment of contract amendment and can walk you through the whole process.
ContractsCounsel is not a law firm, and this post should not be considered and does not contain legal advice. To ensure the information and advice in this post are correct, sufficient, and appropriate for your situation, please consult a licensed attorney. Also, using or accessing ContractsCounsel's site does not create an attorney-client relationship between you and ContractsCounsel.
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What exactly are C++ definitions, declarations and assignments?
I tend to use the words define, declare and assign interchangeably but this seems to cause offense to some people. Is this justified? Should I only use the word declare for the first time I assign to a variable? Or is there more to it than that?
variable-assignment
terminology
8 Answers 8
A definition is where a value or function is described, i.e. the compiler or programmer is told precisely what it is, e.g.
A declaration tells the compiler, or programmer that the function or variable exists. e.g.
An assignment is when a variable has its value set, usually with the = operator. e.g.
3 Actually I would consider "int var;" to be definition, "int var = 5;" is a combined def/ass. Basically, in C, definition is anything that creates space for an object. I'll upvote anyway, maybe you'll change the answer, maybe not, but it's the best to date. – paxdiablo Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 1:09
Define and declare are similar but assign is very different.
Here I am declaring (or defining) a variable:
Here I am assigning a value to that variable:
Here I am doing both in one statement:
Not all languages support declaration and assignment in one statement:
Some languages require that you assign a value to a variable upon declaration. This requirement allows the compiler or interpreter of the language to infer a type for the variable:
I'll split a hair -- Python has no "declaration" of any kind. Classes and functions are "defined", variables are created when they assigned. You don't really "declare" variables, since they're just names assigned to objects. – S.Lott Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 0:58
That is a good point - from one pedant to another I appreciate the distinction :) – Andrew Hare Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 1:02
More nitpicking: Python does not really do any type inference, it's dynamically typed. Type inference is only required when the variable has a type. This is valid Python and illustrates the effects of my point: x = 5 ; x = "str" – Magnus Hoff Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 13:24
I suggest either using a different language as an example (Haskell or C# with var), or just remove the "inference"-sentence. Anyway, this is just nitpicking :) – Magnus Hoff Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 13:24
2 -1 for being the accepted answer yet being wrong: declare and define are not at all similar (even if in some languages the distinction is not made). See jheriko's answer below. – Ian Goldby Commented Nov 4, 2011 at 15:05
It is important to use the correct terminology, otherwise people will not know what you are talking about, or incorrectly assume that you don't know what you are talking about.
These terms often have precise meanings in the standards for various languages. When that is the case they should not be conflated.
In c for instance:
a function may be defined only once (when you say what it does), but it may also be declared before that (when you say what arguments it takes and what type it returns).
likewise a variable is declared when you say what type it is, and this happens only once for each scope. But you may assign a value repeatedly. (Some languages also differentiate between initialization (giving a variable a value at declaration time) and assignment (changing the value later).)
General Role: Definition = declaration + reserved space.
Definition, declaration, and assignment have two cases:
for Variables.
for Functions.
For Variables :
-- Definition: To tell the compiler to reserve memory for the variable.
-- Declaration: To tell the compiler that the variable defined in somewhere else.
-- Assignment: To tell the compiler to put the value in the variable.
For Functions :
-- Definition:
-- Declaration: It is just the prototype of the function.
The differences can seem subtle, but they are important. Not every language makes the same distinctions, but in C++ a variable declaration makes the type and name of the variable known to the compiler
A variable definition allocates storage and specifies an initial value for the variable.
You can combine a variable declaration and definition into one statement, as is commonly done.
Declaring a variable inside a function will also set aside memory for the variable, so the following code implicitly defines variable a as a part of its declaration.
Since variable a is automatically defined by the compiler, it will contain whatever value was in the memory location that was allocated for it. This is why it is not safe to use automatic variables until you've explicitly assigned a known value to them.
An assignment takes place any time you change the value of a variable in your program.
A function declaration , similar to the variable declaration, makes the function signature known to the compiler. This allows you to call a function in your source code before it is defined without causing a compiler error.
A function definition specifies the return type, name, parameter list, and instructions for a function. The first three of these elements must match the function declaration. A function must only be defined once in a given program.
You can combine the function decalartion and definition into one, but you must do so before the function is called anywhere in your program.
I thought a variable declaration assigned storage space. You just get garbage in that space unless you also provide an initialisation, or until you assign a new value. You can only initialise a variable whilst declaring it. – Artelius Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 1:44
@Artelius: In most cases declaration includes an implicit definition by the compiler, which makes it appear that declaration assigns storage space. I made a (hopefully) clarifying addition to include this in my answer. Thanks for pointing it out. – Bill the Lizard Commented Mar 23, 2009 at 13:50
I voted this answer up as it is correct as I've learned it. If not, I'd really like to know why. The answers above have declaration and definition backwards. – lakeweb Commented Jan 29, 2017 at 17:31
i = 1 is an assignment, not a definition. To be a definition (e.g. of a previously declared extern variable in its defining translation unit), it would need the type (and the assignment component is optional). – underscore_d Commented Jun 29, 2017 at 16:17
It might depend on the language, as has been said. I think it really depends on whether the words are used for things like classes. For most of the data types discussed here, the question might not have much relevance. In C++ (see c++ - What is the difference between a definition and a declaration? ), a class or struct always has precisely one definition but can be declared zero or more times. A class cannot be declared without a definition. So "declared" might be synonymous with "used".
In most languages, simple types such as integers do not need definitions in the manner that classes do.
The correct answer depends on which language you're talking about. Computer languages often have specific terminology, either because of the language specification or the community grown up around the language. COBOL, back when I used it, had a much different terminology than more mainstream languages (in the sense of languages closer to the mainstream of language development, not mainstream business). Forth developed some strange terminology.
If you know English, you can usually get a good idea as to what a word means from its normal meaning, but never count on it too much. The same is true with specific words across languages or language communities.
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assignments basic law
Assignments: The Basic Law
The assignment of a right or obligation is a common contractual event under the law and the right to assign (or prohibition against assignments) is found in the majority of agreements, leases and business structural documents created in the United States.
As with many terms commonly used, people are familiar with the term but often are not aware or fully aware of what the terms entail. The concept of assignment of rights and obligations is one of those simple concepts with wide ranging ramifications in the contractual and business context and the law imposes severe restrictions on the validity and effect of assignment in many instances. Clear contractual provisions concerning assignments and rights should be in every document and structure created and this article will outline why such drafting is essential for the creation of appropriate and effective contracts and structures.
The reader should first read the article on Limited Liability Entities in the United States and Contracts since the information in those articles will be assumed in this article.
Basic Definitions and Concepts:
An assignment is the transfer of rights held by one party called the “assignor” to another party called the “assignee.” The legal nature of the assignment and the contractual terms of the agreement between the parties determines some additional rights and liabilities that accompany the assignment. The assignment of rights under a contract usually completely transfers the rights to the assignee to receive the benefits accruing under the contract. Ordinarily, the term assignment is limited to the transfer of rights that are intangible, like contractual rights and rights connected with property. Merchants Service Co. v. Small Claims Court , 35 Cal. 2d 109, 113-114 (Cal. 1950).
An assignment will generally be permitted under the law unless there is an express prohibition against assignment in the underlying contract or lease. Where assignments are permitted, the assignor need not consult the other party to the contract but may merely assign the rights at that time. However, an assignment cannot have any adverse effect on the duties of the other party to the contract, nor can it diminish the chance of the other party receiving complete performance. The assignor normally remains liable unless there is an agreement to the contrary by the other party to the contract.
The effect of a valid assignment is to remove privity between the assignor and the obligor and create privity between the obligor and the assignee. Privity is usually defined as a direct and immediate contractual relationship. See Merchants case above.
Further, for the assignment to be effective in most jurisdictions, it must occur in the present. One does not normally assign a future right; the assignment vests immediate rights and obligations.
No specific language is required to create an assignment so long as the assignor makes clear his/her intent to assign identified contractual rights to the assignee. Since expensive litigation can erupt from ambiguous or vague language, obtaining the correct verbiage is vital. An agreement must manifest the intent to transfer rights and can either be oral or in writing and the rights assigned must be certain.
Note that an assignment of an interest is the transfer of some identifiable property, claim, or right from the assignor to the assignee. The assignment operates to transfer to the assignee all of the rights, title, or interest of the assignor in the thing assigned. A transfer of all rights, title, and interests conveys everything that the assignor owned in the thing assigned and the assignee stands in the shoes of the assignor. Knott v. McDonald’s Corp ., 985 F. Supp. 1222 (N.D. Cal. 1997)
The parties must intend to effectuate an assignment at the time of the transfer, although no particular language or procedure is necessary. As long ago as the case of National Reserve Co. v. Metropolitan Trust Co ., 17 Cal. 2d 827 (Cal. 1941), the court held that in determining what rights or interests pass under an assignment, the intention of the parties as manifested in the instrument is controlling.
The intent of the parties to an assignment is a question of fact to be derived not only from the instrument executed by the parties but also from the surrounding circumstances. When there is no writing to evidence the intention to transfer some identifiable property, claim, or right, it is necessary to scrutinize the surrounding circumstances and parties’ acts to ascertain their intentions. Strosberg v. Brauvin Realty Servs., 295 Ill. App. 3d 17 (Ill. App. Ct. 1st Dist. 1998)
The general rule applicable to assignments of choses in action is that an assignment, unless there is a contract to the contrary, carries with it all securities held by the assignor as collateral to the claim and all rights incidental thereto and vests in the assignee the equitable title to such collateral securities and incidental rights. An unqualified assignment of a contract or chose in action, however, with no indication of the intent of the parties, vests in the assignee the assigned contract or chose and all rights and remedies incidental thereto.
More examples: In Strosberg v. Brauvin Realty Servs ., 295 Ill. App. 3d 17 (Ill. App. Ct. 1st Dist. 1998), the court held that the assignee of a party to a subordination agreement is entitled to the benefits and is subject to the burdens of the agreement. In Florida E. C. R. Co. v. Eno , 99 Fla. 887 (Fla. 1930), the court held that the mere assignment of all sums due in and of itself creates no different or other liability of the owner to the assignee than that which existed from the owner to the assignor.
And note that even though an assignment vests in the assignee all rights, remedies, and contingent benefits which are incidental to the thing assigned, those which are personal to the assignor and for his sole benefit are not assigned. Rasp v. Hidden Valley Lake, Inc ., 519 N.E.2d 153, 158 (Ind. Ct. App. 1988). Thus, if the underlying agreement provides that a service can only be provided to X, X cannot assign that right to Y.
Novation Compared to Assignment:
Although the difference between a novation and an assignment may appear narrow, it is an essential one. “Novation is a act whereby one party transfers all its obligations and benefits under a contract to a third party.” In a novation, a third party successfully substitutes the original party as a party to the contract. “When a contract is novated, the other contracting party must be left in the same position he was in prior to the novation being made.”
A sublease is the transfer when a tenant retains some right of reentry onto the leased premises. However, if the tenant transfers the entire leasehold estate, retaining no right of reentry or other reversionary interest, then the transfer is an assignment. The assignor is normally also removed from liability to the landlord only if the landlord consents or allowed that right in the lease. In a sublease, the original tenant is not released from the obligations of the original lease.
Equitable Assignments:
An equitable assignment is one in which one has a future interest and is not valid at law but valid in a court of equity. In National Bank of Republic v. United Sec. Life Ins. & Trust Co. , 17 App. D.C. 112 (D.C. Cir. 1900), the court held that to constitute an equitable assignment of a chose in action, the following has to occur generally: anything said written or done, in pursuance of an agreement and for valuable consideration, or in consideration of an antecedent debt, to place a chose in action or fund out of the control of the owner, and appropriate it to or in favor of another person, amounts to an equitable assignment. Thus, an agreement, between a debtor and a creditor, that the debt shall be paid out of a specific fund going to the debtor may operate as an equitable assignment.
In Egyptian Navigation Co. v. Baker Invs. Corp. , 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 30804 (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 14, 2008), the court stated that an equitable assignment occurs under English law when an assignor, with an intent to transfer his/her right to a chose in action, informs the assignee about the right so transferred.
An executory agreement or a declaration of trust are also equitable assignments if unenforceable as assignments by a court of law but enforceable by a court of equity exercising sound discretion according to the circumstances of the case. Since California combines courts of equity and courts of law, the same court would hear arguments as to whether an equitable assignment had occurred. Quite often, such relief is granted to avoid fraud or unjust enrichment.
Note that obtaining an assignment through fraudulent means invalidates the assignment. Fraud destroys the validity of everything into which it enters. It vitiates the most solemn contracts, documents, and even judgments. Walker v. Rich , 79 Cal. App. 139 (Cal. App. 1926). If an assignment is made with the fraudulent intent to delay, hinder, and defraud creditors, then it is void as fraudulent in fact. See our article on Transfers to Defraud Creditors .
But note that the motives that prompted an assignor to make the transfer will be considered as immaterial and will constitute no defense to an action by the assignee, if an assignment is considered as valid in all other respects.
Enforceability of Assignments:
Whether a right under a contract is capable of being transferred is determined by the law of the place where the contract was entered into. The validity and effect of an assignment is determined by the law of the place of assignment. The validity of an assignment of a contractual right is governed by the law of the state with the most significant relationship to the assignment and the parties.
In some jurisdictions, the traditional conflict of laws rules governing assignments has been rejected and the law of the place having the most significant contacts with the assignment applies. In Downs v. American Mut. Liability Ins. Co ., 14 N.Y.2d 266 (N.Y. 1964), a wife and her husband separated and the wife obtained a judgment of separation from the husband in New York. The judgment required the husband to pay a certain yearly sum to the wife. The husband assigned 50 percent of his future salary, wages, and earnings to the wife. The agreement authorized the employer to make such payments to the wife.
After the husband moved from New York, the wife learned that he was employed by an employer in Massachusetts. She sent the proper notice and demanded payment under the agreement. The employer refused and the wife brought an action for enforcement. The court observed that Massachusetts did not prohibit assignment of the husband’s wages. Moreover, Massachusetts law was not controlling because New York had the most significant relationship with the assignment. Therefore, the court ruled in favor of the wife.
Therefore, the validity of an assignment is determined by looking to the law of the forum with the most significant relationship to the assignment itself. To determine the applicable law of assignments, the court must look to the law of the state which is most significantly related to the principal issue before it.
Assignment of Contractual Rights:
Generally, the law allows the assignment of a contractual right unless the substitution of rights would materially change the duty of the obligor, materially increase the burden or risk imposed on the obligor by the contract, materially impair the chance of obtaining return performance, or materially reduce the value of the performance to the obligor. Restat 2d of Contracts, § 317(2)(a). This presumes that the underlying agreement is silent on the right to assign.
If the contract specifically precludes assignment, the contractual right is not assignable. Whether a contract is assignable is a matter of contractual intent and one must look to the language used by the parties to discern that intent.
In the absence of an express provision to the contrary, the rights and duties under a bilateral executory contract that does not involve personal skill, trust, or confidence may be assigned without the consent of the other party. But note that an assignment is invalid if it would materially alter the other party’s duties and responsibilities. Once an assignment is effective, the assignee stands in the shoes of the assignor and assumes all of assignor’s rights. Hence, after a valid assignment, the assignor’s right to performance is extinguished, transferred to assignee, and the assignee possesses the same rights, benefits, and remedies assignor once possessed. Robert Lamb Hart Planners & Architects v. Evergreen, Ltd. , 787 F. Supp. 753 (S.D. Ohio 1992).
On the other hand, an assignee’s right against the obligor is subject to “all of the limitations of the assignor’s right, all defenses thereto, and all set-offs and counterclaims which would have been available against the assignor had there been no assignment, provided that these defenses and set-offs are based on facts existing at the time of the assignment.” See Robert Lamb , case, above.
The power of the contract to restrict assignment is broad. Usually, contractual provisions that restrict assignment of the contract without the consent of the obligor are valid and enforceable, even when there is statutory authorization for the assignment. The restriction of the power to assign is often ineffective unless the restriction is expressly and precisely stated. Anti-assignment clauses are effective only if they contain clear, unambiguous language of prohibition. Anti-assignment clauses protect only the obligor and do not affect the transaction between the assignee and assignor.
Usually, a prohibition against the assignment of a contract does not prevent an assignment of the right to receive payments due, unless circumstances indicate the contrary. Moreover, the contracting parties cannot, by a mere non-assignment provision, prevent the effectual alienation of the right to money which becomes due under the contract.
A contract provision prohibiting or restricting an assignment may be waived, or a party may so act as to be estopped from objecting to the assignment, such as by effectively ratifying the assignment. The power to void an assignment made in violation of an anti-assignment clause may be waived either before or after the assignment. See our article on Contracts.
Noncompete Clauses and Assignments:
Of critical import to most buyers of businesses is the ability to ensure that key employees of the business being purchased cannot start a competing company. Some states strictly limit such clauses, some do allow them. California does restrict noncompete clauses, only allowing them under certain circumstances. A common question in those states that do allow them is whether such rights can be assigned to a new party, such as the buyer of the buyer.
A covenant not to compete, also called a non-competitive clause, is a formal agreement prohibiting one party from performing similar work or business within a designated area for a specified amount of time. This type of clause is generally included in contracts between employer and employee and contracts between buyer and seller of a business.
Many workers sign a covenant not to compete as part of the paperwork required for employment. It may be a separate document similar to a non-disclosure agreement, or buried within a number of other clauses in a contract. A covenant not to compete is generally legal and enforceable, although there are some exceptions and restrictions.
Whenever a company recruits skilled employees, it invests a significant amount of time and training. For example, it often takes years before a research chemist or a design engineer develops a workable knowledge of a company’s product line, including trade secrets and highly sensitive information. Once an employee gains this knowledge and experience, however, all sorts of things can happen. The employee could work for the company until retirement, accept a better offer from a competing company or start up his or her own business.
A covenant not to compete may cover a number of potential issues between employers and former employees. Many companies spend years developing a local base of customers or clients. It is important that this customer base not fall into the hands of local competitors. When an employee signs a covenant not to compete, he or she usually agrees not to use insider knowledge of the company’s customer base to disadvantage the company. The covenant not to compete often defines a broad geographical area considered off-limits to former employees, possibly tens or hundreds of miles.
Another area of concern covered by a covenant not to compete is a potential ‘brain drain’. Some high-level former employees may seek to recruit others from the same company to create new competition. Retention of employees, especially those with unique skills or proprietary knowledge, is vital for most companies, so a covenant not to compete may spell out definite restrictions on the hiring or recruiting of employees.
A covenant not to compete may also define a specific amount of time before a former employee can seek employment in a similar field. Many companies offer a substantial severance package to make sure former employees are financially solvent until the terms of the covenant not to compete have been met.
Because the use of a covenant not to compete can be controversial, a handful of states, including California, have largely banned this type of contractual language. The legal enforcement of these agreements falls on individual states, and many have sided with the employee during arbitration or litigation. A covenant not to compete must be reasonable and specific, with defined time periods and coverage areas. If the agreement gives the company too much power over former employees or is ambiguous, state courts may declare it to be overbroad and therefore unenforceable. In such case, the employee would be free to pursue any employment opportunity, including working for a direct competitor or starting up a new company of his or her own.
It has been held that an employee’s covenant not to compete is assignable where one business is transferred to another, that a merger does not constitute an assignment of a covenant not to compete, and that a covenant not to compete is enforceable by a successor to the employer where the assignment does not create an added burden of employment or other disadvantage to the employee. However, in some states such as Hawaii, it has also been held that a covenant not to compete is not assignable and under various statutes for various reasons that such covenants are not enforceable against an employee by a successor to the employer. Hawaii v. Gannett Pac. Corp. , 99 F. Supp. 2d 1241 (D. Haw. 1999)
It is vital to obtain the relevant law of the applicable state before drafting or attempting to enforce assignment rights in this particular area.
Conclusion:
In the current business world of fast changing structures, agreements, employees and projects, the ability to assign rights and obligations is essential to allow flexibility and adjustment to new situations. Conversely, the ability to hold a contracting party into the deal may be essential for the future of a party. Thus, the law of assignments and the restriction on same is a critical aspect of every agreement and every structure. This basic provision is often glanced at by the contracting parties, or scribbled into the deal at the last minute but can easily become the most vital part of the transaction.
As an example, one client of ours came into the office outraged that his co venturer on a sizable exporting agreement, who had excellent connections in Brazil, had elected to pursue another venture instead and assigned the agreement to a party unknown to our client and without the business contacts our client considered vital. When we examined the handwritten agreement our client had drafted in a restaurant in Sao Paolo, we discovered there was no restriction on assignment whatsoever…our client had not even considered that right when drafting the agreement after a full day of work.
One choses who one does business with carefully…to ensure that one’s choice remains the party on the other side of the contract, one must master the ability to negotiate proper assignment provisions.
Founded in 1939, our law firm combines the ability to represent clients in domestic or international matters with the personal interaction with clients that is traditional to a long established law firm.
When drafting a patent assignment agreement, it's vital to clearly define the patent rights, specifying the type of rights, territorial scope, and duration. Accurately identify the assignor and assignee, verifying entity transparency and legal capacity. Establish the assignment terms, including the effective date, consideration, and conditions precedent. Include representations and warranties, outlining the assignor's assurances regarding the patent rights. Specify dispute resolution mechanisms and governing law to facilitate enforceability. Finally, validate proper execution and authentication, including signatures, dates, and notarization. A well-drafted agreement is vital to a seamless transfer of ownership, and a thorough understanding of these elements is key to achieving that goal.
Understanding Patent Assignment Basics
A patent assignment is a legal agreement that transfers ownership of a patent or patent application from one party, known as the assignor, to another party, known as the assignee. This transfer of ownership is a vital aspect of intellectual property management, as it enables the assignee to exercise control over the patent, including the right to manufacture, sell, and license the patented invention. A thorough understanding of patent assignment basics is fundamental for individuals and organizations seeking to protect and leverage their intellectual property. Patent history reveals that assignments have played a significant part in shaping the development of various industries, from technology to biotechnology. In the context of intellectual property, patent assignments provide a legal framework for transferring ownership, facilitating that innovations are harnessed effectively and efficiently. By grasping the fundamentals of patent assignment, individuals and organizations can navigate the complex landscape of intellectual property with confidence, making informed decisions that drive business growth and innovation.
Clearly Defining the Patent Rights
In a patent assignment agreement, clearly defining the patent rights is crucial to avoid ambiguity and facilitate a seamless transfer of ownership, as the scope of rights being assigned substantially impacts the assignee's ability to exploit the patented invention. The agreement should explicitly outline the specific patent rights being assigned, including the type of rights, territorial scope, and duration. This clarity is necessary to prevent disputes and meet the assignee's expectations.
The patent rights definition should also address any existing exclusive licenses or other encumbrances that may affect the assignee's ability to exercise the assigned rights. Additionally, the agreement should establish clear patent boundaries, specifying the exact patents and patent applications being assigned, as well as any related know-how or trade secrets. By precisely defining the patent rights, the parties can avoid misunderstandings and facilitate a smooth transfer of ownership, ultimately safeguarding the value of the patented invention.
Identifying the Assignor and Assignee
In a patent assignment agreement, accurately identifying the assignor and assignee is key to effect a valid transfer of patent rights. The assignor's identity is fundamental, as it affects the legitimacy of the assignment, while the assignee's legal capacity is imperative to confirm their ability to receive and exercise the assigned patent rights. A clear understanding of both parties' responsibilities and capacities is necessary to avoid potential disputes and secure a successful patent assignment.
Assignor's Identity Matters
Identifying the assignor and assignee with precision is crucial in a patent assignment agreement, as inaccurate or incomplete identification can lead to ambiguity and potentially jeopardize the validity of the assignment. The assignor's identity matters because it affects the transfer of rights and interests in the patent. Inaccurate identification can lead to disputes and litigation, which can be costly and time-consuming.
To ensure entity transparency and identity verification, consider the following:
Verify the assignor's legal name : Ensure the name matches the records of the relevant government agency or registry.
Include the assignor's address : Provide a complete and accurate address to facilitate communication and notification.
Specify the assignor's entity type : Clearly indicate whether the assignor is an individual, corporation, partnership, or other legal entity.
Provide tax identification numbers : Include relevant tax identification numbers, such as the assignor's Employer Identification Number (EIN), to facilitate tax compliance and reporting.
Assignee's Legal Capacity
A patent assignment agreement must also establish the assignee's legal capacity to receive and hold the assigned patent rights, as this directly impacts the validity and enforceability of the assignment. This involves verifying the assignee's existence and capacity to enter into a legally binding agreement. In the case of a corporate assignee, this requires evidence of proper entity formation and corporate authorization. The agreement should specify the assignee's legal name, address, and business form (e.g., corporation, limited liability company, or partnership). Additionally, the agreement should include language indicating that the assignee has the requisite corporate authority to enter into the assignment agreement. This can be achieved by including a statement that the assignee's representative signing the agreement has been duly authorized to do so. By establishing the assignee's legal capacity, the parties can confirm that the assignment is valid and enforceable, and that the assignee has the legal right to receive and hold the assigned patent rights.
Specifying the Assignment Terms
When specifying the assignment terms, it is crucial to clearly define the scope of the assignment, outlining the specific patent rights being transferred. This includes identifying the patent numbers, applications, or inventions involved, as well as any relevant jurisdictional limitations. Additionally, the transfer terms must be established, covering aspects such as the effective date of the assignment, the consideration provided, and any ongoing obligations or responsibilities.
Define Assignment Scope
In defining the scope of the assignment, the parties must specify the precise terms of the patent rights being transferred, including the type of interest being assigned, the specific patents or patent applications involved, and the geographic territory in which the assignment applies. This clarity is vital to avoid disputes and facilitate a smooth transfer of patent rights.
To effectively define the assignment scope, consider the following key aspects:
Scope Limits : Clearly outline the boundaries of the assignment, including any exceptions or exclusions.
Assignment Boundaries : Specify the geographic territory in which the assignment applies, including any limitations or restrictions.
Patent Identification : Identify the specific patents or patent applications being assigned, including their respective patent numbers and filing dates.
Interest Type : Define the type of interest being assigned, such as exclusive or non-exclusive, and the extent of the assignee's rights.
Set Transfer Terms
Having established the scope of the assignment, the parties must now specify the terms of the transfer, including the effective date, consideration, and any conditions precedent to the assignment. This involves outlining the Transfer Timeline, which details the milestones and deadlines for the transfer of ownership. The parties must also agree on the Asset Classification, which categorizes the patents being assigned as tangible or intangible assets. This classification has implications for tax and accounting purposes.
The consideration clause outlines the payment or other forms of compensation to be provided by the assignee to the assignor. This may include a lump sum payment, royalties, or a combination of both. The parties must also specify any conditions precedent to the assignment, such as the satisfaction of certain regulatory requirements or the receipt of necessary approvals. By clearly specifying the transfer terms, the parties can prevent disputes and guarantee a smooth transfer of ownership. A well-drafted assignment agreement will provide clarity and certainty, allowing the parties to concentrate on their respective business objectives.
Representations and Warranties Clause
The representations and warranties clause in a patent assignment agreement is a critical provision that affords the assignee certain assurances regarding the patent's ownership, validity, and potential liabilities. This clause allocates risk between the assignor and assignee, safeguarding that the assignee is protected from potential issues with the patent.
In drafting this clause, it is vital to examine the following key aspects:
The assignor warrants that they have the right to assign the patent and that the patent is free from any encumbrances or liens.
The assignor represents that the patent is valid and enforceable, and that there are no pending or threatened claims or litigation that could affect the patent's validity.
The assignor agrees to indemnify the assignee against any losses or damages arising from a warranty breach.
The assignee has the right to terminate the agreement if the assignor breaches any of the representations or warranties.
Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
A well-drafted patent assignment agreement typically incorporates a dispute resolution mechanism to efficiently address and resolve potential disputes that may arise between the assignor and assignee. This mechanism ensures that disputes are handled in a timely and cost-effective manner, minimizing the impact on the parties' business operations.
Dispute Resolution Mechanism
Description
Benefits
Arbitration Process
A neutral third-party arbitrator resolves the dispute through a binding decision.
Faster and less expensive than litigation, maintains confidentiality.
Mediation Strategies
A neutral third-party mediator facilitates negotiations between the parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement.
Flexible and non-binding, preserves business relationships.
Litigation
The parties resolve their dispute through court proceedings.
Provides a binding decision, but can be time-consuming and costly.
When drafting a dispute resolution mechanism, it is essential to consider the nature of the patent assignment, the parties' preferences, and the jurisdiction in which the agreement will be enforced. By incorporating a well-crafted dispute resolution mechanism, parties can minimize the risk of disputes and ensure a smooth transfer of patent rights.
Governing Law and Jurisdiction
In conjunction with the dispute resolution mechanism, the parties must also consider the governing law and jurisdiction that will apply to the patent assignment agreement, as these provisions will determine how disputes are resolved and which laws will govern the interpretation of the agreement. This is crucial, as the governing law and jurisdiction can significantly impact the outcome of disputes and the enforceability of the agreement.
When drafting the governing law and jurisdiction provisions, parties should be aware of the following key considerations:
Forum Shopping : The chosen jurisdiction may have more favorable laws or procedures for one party, leading to an uneven playing field.
Conflict Risks : Inconsistent laws or regulations between jurisdictions can create conflicts and ambiguities in the agreement.
Enforceability : The governing law and jurisdiction should ensure that the agreement is enforceable and that judgments are recognizable across relevant jurisdictions.
Certainty and Predictability : Clear governing law and jurisdiction provisions can provide certainty and predictability, reducing the risk of disputes and conflicts.
Ensuring Proper Signatures and Dates
Authenticity and validity of the patent assignment agreement hinge on the presence of proper signatures and dates, which serve as tangible evidence of the parties' consent and commitment to the terms outlined in the agreement. In verifying proper signatures and dates, it is crucial to follow a specific order and protocol to avoid any disputes or ambiguities.
Assignor's Signature
The party assigning the patent rights signs first
Assignee's Signature
The party receiving the patent rights signs second
Witness Signature
A witness signs to attest to the authenticity of the signatures
Date Stamps
Include the date of signature for each party
Notarization
Optional, but recommended for added authenticity
When obtaining signatures, confirm that each party signs in the presence of the other, or provides a notarized signature. Date stamps should be included to establish the exact date of signature. Additionally, consider including a notarization block to further authenticate the signatures. By following this protocol, you can guarantee that your patent assignment agreement is legally binding and enforceable.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can multiple patents be assigned in a single agreement?.
Yes, multiple patents can be assigned in a single agreement, creating a patent bundle, which offers Agreement flexibility by streamlining the transfer process and reducing administrative burdens for all parties involved.
What Is the Ideal Length of a Patent Assignment Agreement?
The ideal length of a patent assignment agreement should strike a balance between clarity and brevity, aiming for 2-5 pages, to guarantee crucial terms are concisely conveyed while maintaining precision and avoiding ambiguity.
Do Patent Assignment Agreements Need to Be Notarized?
In general, patent assignment agreements do not require notarization, as they are considered private contracts. However, including witness signatures and adhering to legal formalities, such as proper execution and acknowledgement, can enhance the agreement's enforceability and validity.
Can Patent Assignments Be Conditional or Contingent?
Yes, patent assignments can be conditional or contingent, where the transfer of patent rights is dependent on specific conditional triggers or future events, such as the achievement of milestones or the expiration of existing agreements.
Are Patent Assignment Agreements Publicly Disclosed?
Patent assignment agreements are typically not publicly disclosed in their entirety, as they often contain confidential terms. However, the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) provides public access to recorded assignments, revealing the parties involved and the assigned patent rights.
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What is a contract assignment definition.
A contract assignment is a document that assigns rights and obligations under a contract to another party.3 min read A contract assignment can be used for a variety of reasons, but most commonly it is used when one party to a contract wants to transfer its rights or obligations to another party. For example, if Company A enters into a contract with Company B to provide services , but Company A then wants Company C to provide the services instead, Company A would use a contract assignment to assign the contract rights and obligations to Company C. Contract assignments are also common in the real estate industry. For example, if someone buys a house with the intention of flipping it, they will often assign the purchase agreement (and therefore the underlying contract rights and obligations) to the company or person they are selling the house to.
What is a contract assignment?
A contract assignment is a legal agreement between two parties in which one party assigns (gives) its rights under a contract to another party. The term “assignment” is used in the law of contracts to refer to the transfer of rights or duties under a contract from one person or entity to another. An assignment can be made orally or in writing, but it is generally advisable to have any assignment agreement in writing so that there is no dispute about the terms of the agreement later on.
There are several reasons why someone might want to assign their rights under a contract. For example, if you are a small business owner and you have a contract with a big company that you cannot fulfill, you may want to assign your rights under the contract to another company that can fulfill the contract. Or, if you are an employee who has been assigned to work on a project for a specific period of time, you may want to assign your rights under the employment contract to another employee so that they can continue working on the project after you leave.
In order for an assignment to be valid, there must be mutual assent between the parties; that is, both parties must agree to the terms of the assignment. Furthermore, an assignment cannot conflict with the terms of the original contract; if it does, then it will be void and unenforceable.
If you are considering assigning your rights under a contract, it is important to seek legal advice first so that you can understand
What are the benefits of a contract assignment?
There are many benefits to taking on a contract assignment. For one, it can help to diversify your income and give you a steadier stream of work . Additionally, it can help build your portfolio and credibility as a freelancer, which can lead to more opportunities down the road.
Another benefit of contract assignments is that they often come with shorter deadlines than traditional projects , which can be helpful if you’re struggling to find time to fit freelancing into your schedule. Finally, working on a contract basis can help build relationships with clients and allow you to get a foot in the door with companies you may be interested in working with long-term.
What are the risks of a contract assignment?
When taking on a contract assignment, it is important to be aware of the risks involved . These can include:
-The client may not be happy with the work you produce and may try to cancel the contract . -You may not be able to complete the work within the specified time frame . -The scope of the work may change, which could lead to additional costs. -There may be unforeseen circumstances that make it difficult or impossible to complete the work.
How to assign a contract
If you’re thinking of assigning a contract, there are a few things you should know first. Here’s a quick guide on how to assign a contract:
1. Make sure the contract you’re assigning allows for assignment. Not all contracts do, so it’s important to check before moving forward.
2. Determine who will be assuming the contractual obligations . This person is known as the “assignee.”
3. Get the assignee to agree to assume the obligations in writing. This written agreement is called an “assignment agreement.
4. Notify the other party to the original contract (known as the “obligor”) of the assignment in writing. The notice should include: (a) the date of the assignment; (b) the names and addresses of both parties; and (c) a statement that indicates that all rights and obligations under the contract have been transferred to the assignee.
5. Make sure that any conditions precedent in the original contract have been satisfied before completing the assignment process. A condition precedent is something that must happen before an obligation under a contract becomes effective. For example, if a contract requires that certain repairs be made to a property before it can be sold, those repairs must be completed beforethe assignment can take place.
6. Check local laws and regulations regarding assignments, as there may be restrictions in place that you need to be aware of before proceeding.
A contract assignment is a legal agreement between two parties that assigns rights and responsibilities to one party. The assignee agrees to take on the duties of the contract , while the assignor transfers their rights under the contract to the assignee. This type of agreement is often used in business deals or when one party wants to transfer their interest in a property or asset to another party.
Nglish: Translation of assignments for Spanish Speakers
Britannica English: Translation of assignments for Arabic Speakers
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Using Manufacturing
How You Create an Assemble to Order (ATO) Model Work Definition
Oracle Fusion Cloud Manufacturing supports configured item fulfillment flow for a make-to-order configured product. The customer order is created with the Assemble to Order (ATO) model as the ordered item. When an ATO model is ordered, the customer has the ability to configure the model and select the options. The selected options result in a configuration and for each unique configuration, the application creates a configured item. Then, the work order to fulfill the customer order is created against the configured item.
To create a work order for a configured item, a primary work definition for the ATO model must be defined first. There are a few traits about an ATO model work definition that are different from a standard item work definition. The specifics are highlighted and discussed here in more detail.
ATO Model Work Definition Operations
In an ATO model work definition, the Create Operation, Assign Operation, and Edit Operation dialog boxes display the Option Dependent Details region.
The following table lists all the fields and their corresponding descriptions which helps you to choose or select values in order to create an ATO model work definition:
Option dependent
Indicates that an operation is an option dependent operation. An option dependent operation is included in the configured item work order in case of either of the following:
If the option dependent check box isn't selected, then the operation is considered a mandatory operation. A mandatory operation is always included in the configured item work order.
Applicability Rule
Defines the criteria to include an option dependent operation in the configured item work order. There can be only one applicability rule for an option dependent operation.
Planning Percentage
The percentage of the nominal resource usage that's applied when planning the resource capacity requirements to satisfy a demand forecast of the parent model item.
ATO Model Work Definition Operation Items
You can create an ATO model work definition only for the ATO model item structure with the structure name as Primary. The item structure visualization displays the multilevel ATO model item structure. You can expand option classes to view the options. You can also expand standard item phantoms to view the components that make up the phantoms. However, you can't expand child ATO models.
The count badge that you see against an item structure component card indicates the number of components for a single parent node. The count badge, shown only for a leaf node, indicates the assigned quantity over the component total quantity. The count badge turns into a check mark after the component is assigned to an operation. If you hover over the check mark icon, you can view the operation sequence to which the component is assigned to.
You can assign any component from any level to an operation. The rules governing this feature:
If the parent is assigned, the children can't be assigned.
If the children are assigned, assigning the parent automatically deletes the children's assignments.
This means for an option class, you can choose whether to assign the option class or the options. Similarly for a standard item phantom, you can choose whether to assign the parent phantom or the components. Assigning an option class to an option-dependent operation means that the operation is included in the configured item work order if any of the options of the specific option class is selected.
There are two operation item attributes that are specific to ATO model work definitions. These attributes are referenced from Oracle Product Hub and hence, can't be updated. The operation item attributes specific to ATO model work definitions are:
Planning Percentage: The percentage that's used by Planning in forecast explosions. A planning percent can be greater than 100 to plan for a component in excess.
Optional: Indicator that a component is an optional component. If the Optional check box isn't selected, then the component is considered as a mandatory component.
For more information, refer to the How You Process Item Structure Changes to Work Definitions topic in this chapter.
Applicability Rule
An applicability rule can be assigned to an option dependent operation. The rule defines the criteria to include the operation in the configured item work order. The operation is included in the work order only if the criteria are met. You can define an applicability rule using optional components, option classes, transactional item attributes (TIA), or any of the combinations.
Consider an example, in which, there are two types of performance tests as a part of building tablets. Depending on the selected CPU option, one of the performance test operation is executed. You can model this by doing the following:
Create two option dependent operations for the two types of performance tests.
Assign an applicability rule defining the criteria to select the performance test based on which CPU option is selected.
If you want to use the TIAs in the applicability rule to determine when to include the option dependent operations, then while defining the TIAs, the TIAs must be assigned to application scope Configuration Matching. The TIAs are used in the configuration matching process to determine if a configuration already exists. The TIAs are also leveraged by Manufacturing to determine the operations that are to be executed to build a configured item.
Transactional item attributes are defined in Product Hub. Because TIA is associated with an item class, all items that belong to the item class will inherit the TIA. Based on the item class setup, you can define TIA for the top-level ATO model, optional components, or child ATO models. You can define an applicability rule using transactional item attributes with either numeric or string data type, as long as the associated value sets have a validation type of either independent or subset.
Create an Applicability Rule
To create an applicability rule, you must select the Option dependent check box in the Option Dependent Details region. This enables the Add icon. Click the Add icon to open the Add Applicability Rule dialog box. Unlike the Edit Work Definition Details page, the item structure visualization in the Add Applicability Rule dialog box shows the multilevel item structure of an ATO model. However, only the optional components are displayed. The current and future effective components and TIAs are shown based on the date selected in the Date list on the Edit Work Definition Details page. From the first-level components, you can expand the option classes to view the lower-level optional components. You can't expand a child ATO model. If you have defined the transactional item attributes, then they appear as the child nodes of a component. And expanding the transactional item attribute node shows the attribute values.
In the item structure, once you locate the item or TIA value that you need for defining the rule, you can do either of the following:
Drag and drop the item or TIA card to the Rule Text region.
Right-click the item or TIA card, from Actions menu, select: Insert into Rule Text.
After you drag and drop or insert the rule text, the Rule Text region shows the component hierarchy of the item or transactional item attribute. A component hierarchy is the relative path of the item node to the top-level ATO model node.
The following example shows the item structure and component hierarchy of ATO MODEL 1:
OPTION CLASS 1: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 1
OPTION 11: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 1.OPTION 11
OPTION 12: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 1.OPTION 12
OPTION CLASS 2: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 2
OPTION 21: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 2.OPTION 21
OPTION 22: ATO MODEL 1.OPTION CLASS 2.OPTION 22
The Rule Text region has various operators that can be used to define an applicability rule. You can have a combination of items and TIAs in a rule, and build a complex expression using AND and OR conditions. Click the Validate button to validate the rule you're defining. If the rule fails to meet the valid syntax, an appropriate error message is shown. You have to correct the error before you can save the rule.
For numeric attributes, the valid operators are:
Not equal to
Less than or equal to
Greater Than
Greater than or equal to
For string attributes, the valid operators are:
DOESNOTCONTAIN
Valid rule syntax:
Keyword ITEM is used to specify an item, that's, ITEM is equal to 'ATO MODEL 1'.'OPTION CLASS 1'
Keyword TRANSACTIONALATTRIBUTE is used to specify a transactional item attribute, that's, 'ATO MODEL 1'.'OPTION CLASS 1'.'OPTION 11'. TRANSACTIONALATTRIBUTE ["Finish"] is equal to "Matte"
Item numbers are wrapped within single quotes
Transactional item attribute name and value are wrapped within double quotes
Dot is used as a separator in the component hierarchy
Operators are in upper case and aren't translatable
The Add Applicability Rule dialog box shows the display name of a transactional item attribute, which is translatable. If the value set used by a TIA is translatable, then the item structure visualization shows the internal name of the value and the translated value next to it in parenthesis. The applicability rule is evaluated against the value of the internal name and not the translated value.
Export Operation Item Assignments
The Export Operation Item Assignments action is available in the Actions menu in the Edit Work Definition page. It enables you to export the complete multilevel ATO model item structure to Excel in an indented view. The Excel captures the following information:
Displays the operations to which components are assigned.
Indicates if there is pending work in the Assignment Status column.
Lists other relevant item and item structure attributes such as User Item Type, Item Revision, and Structure Item Type.
Assignment status can be Complete, Incomplete, Explicit, or Implicit. An Explicit assignment status shows to which operation a component is directly assigned to. An Implicit assignment status applies to the children when their parent is directly assigned to an operation. Incomplete and Complete assignment status is derived by the application. In a parent-child scenario, if you have assigned all the children, then the assignment status for the parent is Complete, but if you haven't assigned all the children, then the assignment status for the parent is Incomplete.
You can quickly find out whether or not there is pending work by looking at the assignment status of the top level ATO model. If it's Incomplete, then it means you still have pending work in terms of operation item assignments. If it's Complete, then it means you have fully completed operation item assignments.
Related Topics
Overview of Production Process Design
Overview of Work Definitions
Configured Item Work Definitions: Explained
Define Common SCM Configuration: Define Advanced Item
Creating a temproary assignment Context Manager
Edited: renamed ‘Scope’ → ‘Tmp Assignment’ because the original title was confusing.
I’m trying to write a context manager as follows:
Now this doesn’t work because I misunderstood how eval() works, but I believe the intent of the code is clear.
Before I dig in too far into fixing that eval statement, I wanted to ask around whether the framework of this contextmanager is sound. I don’t have much experience with using strings to refer to variable names, and I don’t know what the pitfalls are.
I tried to write it in a most general manner such that it could also overwrite class attributes temporarily, but that might be a bad idea. I’m also open to more general advice, such as concerning the class name or the way I implemented Unbound .
Motivation for writing this context manager:
Let’s say I’m working in a notebook with 20 defined variables, (some of which are expensive to compute,) and I’m designing a function:
but something goes wrong inside my function.
Ideally I could make very small changes
and then I could examine the objects created within this scope in the next cell by just calling tmp_ds , y . And I wouldn’t have overwritten price_ds or file_name or convert_currencies .
Your example won’t work as you think because del key will delete the variable called key , not the variable whose name is the value of that variable. That is, if you have key = "x" and then you do del key , you delete key , not x .
As was suggested in the other thread, context managers don’t really work the way you’re trying to use them here. They don’t create scopes. So trying to do this with a context manager is probably an uphill battle. You’re probably better off creating a function. You could also use something like types.SimpleNamespace to stash values as attributes of an object.
“Scope” is perhaps a misleading name. I only want to set the variables I specify to the values I specify and reset them afterwards.
I believe this is possible, because this is what monkeypatch context managers routinely do.
The difference being that a true scope would also clean up any (local) variables that are created inside it. But even that could be done by stashing locals().keys() ?
I’m aware that context managers don’t inherently create scopes. That’s why I’m trying to write a context manager that does.
Thanks for pointing out I used del wrong.
What would be the advantage of stashing values as attributes rather than in a dict? I thought objects use dicts under the hood (that’s how I became aware you can refer to variables by their string) and that everything that can be a attribute can also be stored in a dict?
If you want a TRUE scope, try a class statement.
You can then retrieve whatever you want from it, and dispose of the rest:
and you could even have a single “return value” with the help of a simple decorator:
z will be 3, with neither the class object nor any other intermediates being retained.
The class scope can reference anything from its containing scopes (assuming it doesn’t assign to those names), making it an effective way to group some statements together.
I renamed some things to clear up confusion, hopefully. Apologies for choosing confusing language. I didn’t realize it would be so confusing. I don’t want a true scope that clears up everything it does. I would indeed use a function for that. I want something you could almost consider an inverse scope, that reverts only the specified variables when it exits.
It would be less confusing if you used general names. Specific variable names that you use in your specific case is a slight distraction.
Also, it would be helpful if you provided a complete, but simple example of functionality you desire:
Simplify it to 1 variable per functionality case
Do set variable values where you intend to do so. So it can be seen what is exactly done
Print values of all variables at all stages and show their results
Sure, split into simple cases:
Combined into a small but fairly complete example of the functionality I’d like:
This should work:
b==[2,3] is after the context too, because you modified the same object inside. Reverting it back doesn’t make sense from logical perspective of what is happening here and how python works.
you can use **kwds , but if you use state dictionary instead, then you can add more complex functionality. E.g. state = {'a.b': 1} would temporary modify attribute b of a , but you would need to implement this additionally. If you use **kwds you are restricted to identifier names.
Finally, I think not coupling this to locals of the namespace might be more useful.
As now you can use the same manager for any namespace of your choosing.
Also, avoids sys._getframe , which is good for keeping simplicity.
And you can still use it for local namespace E.g.:
(You are not, you just have to type (**{'a.b': value}) , which for an intentional feature is a bit hidden)
Also, it should be noted that this will only work for global namespaces, and that it’s impossible to make work for function-local name spaces, since their locals are not modifiable without C level trickery.
An intellectual curiosity: It is a little janky when trying to overwrite object attributes:
(I’m using TmpAss defined as def TmpAss(**kwargs): return TmpAssign(sys._getframe(1).f_locals, kwargs) below)
and in the following the attribute isn’t overwritten at all, presumably because Path comes from a separate namespace
Do you know how to specify the name space of an import package? The fact that you want to supply sys._getframe(1).f_locals seems to imply you might know how to specify the namespace of Path (or another import). I’ve given it a brief search on Google, but nothing came up.
Did you implement attribute setting properly? It will not work like this for the solution I gave you.
You need to implement something along the lines of:
Also, if you want it to be flexible, to support attributes and items, then you need to implement mixed solution for obj[key].attr[key2].attr2 etc.
Essentially, it would take some time to write properly flexible solution.
Also, when you import, you import into current namespace, so Path should be in locals() . The issue is string specification parsing and implementation of desired functionality.
Monkey patching changes attributes of things, even if those things are modules.
Scopes are not so accessable.
Peter Gerlagh wrote:
Right. You could thing of such a thing as a closure - a little scope with some names which shadow outer names. Though the way to make a closure is to… make a function!
Probably. Is that always what you want? Or do you just want to revert the names you’ve initialised? I can imagine code like:
where I want the value in y after the scope.
The braces are just made up nonPython markers to show the temporary scope, same with let to indicate a local shadowing name.
I suspect the best method (if it works) was the context manager which fiddled the locals of the calling frame. That’s a mapping I gather. In my cs.context there’s a stackkeys context manager parallelling stackattrs , so you could go:
By default objects store their instance attributes in a .__dict__ attribute. They don’t need to.
Anyway, locals are rather more special: the name mapping is derives from static analysis when the function is defined. So the code knows the mapping directly, which lets it make accesses to local variable significantly faster. I believe locals() etc return a mapping which is a proxy in the variables, or possibly just a snapshot (which would mean changing that mapping does not affect the locals).
Anyway, if you can obtain a functioning read/write proxy mapping to the locals, you can use stackkeys to manipulate them if you like.
Or, of course:
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Russia's ambassador to US says his assignment coming to an end
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The meaning of ASSIGNMENT is the act of assigning something. How to use assignment in a sentence. Synonym Discussion of Assignment.
ASSIGNMENT definition: 1. a piece of work given to someone, typically as part of their studies or job: 2. a job that…. Learn more.
Assignment definition: something assigned, as a particular task or duty. See examples of ASSIGNMENT used in a sentence.
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Define assignment. assignment synonyms, assignment pronunciation, assignment translation, English dictionary definition of assignment. n. 1. The act of assigning: His assignment of the tasks seemed unfair. 2. Something, such as a task, that is assigned: What's the math assignment for...
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Definition of assignment in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of assignment. Information and translations of assignment in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
ASSIGNMENT - Synonyms, related words and examples | Cambridge English Thesaurus
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Definition: Assignment is a task given to students by a teacher or professor, usually as a means of assessing their understanding and application of course material. Assignments can take various forms, including essays, research papers, presentations, problem sets, lab reports, and more. Assignments are typically designed to be completed ...
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Assignment meaning is the tasks given to students by their teachers and tutors to complete in a defined time. They can also be referred to as the work given to someone as a part of learning. Assignments can be in the form of written, practical, art or fieldwork, or even online. Their purpose is to ensure that students understand the subject ...
ASSIGNMENT meaning: 1. a piece of work given to someone, typically as part of their studies or job: 2. a job that…. Learn more.
Synonyms for ASSIGNMENT: task, job, duty, project, mission, chore, responsibility, function; Antonyms of ASSIGNMENT: dismissal, discharge, firing, expulsion ...
Assignment: An assignment is the transfer of an individual's rights or property to another person or business. For example, when an option contract is assigned, an option writer has an obligation ...
Assignment (law) Assignment [a] is a legal term used in the context of the laws of contract and of property. In both instances, assignment is the process whereby a person, the assignor, transfers rights or benefits to another, the assignee. [1] An assignment may not transfer a duty, burden or detriment without the express agreement of the assignee.
An assignment of contract is a legal term that describes the process that occurs when the original party (assignor) transfers their rights and obligations under their contract to a third party (assignee). When an assignment of contract happens, the original party is relieved of their contractual duties, and their role is replaced by the ...
A declaration tells the compiler, or programmer that the function or variable exists. e.g. An assignment is when a variable has its value set, usually with the = operator. e.g. Actually I would consider "int var;" to be definition, "int var = 5;" is a combined def/ass.
Assignments: The Basic Law. The assignment of a right or obligation is a common contractual event under the law and the right to assign (or prohibition against assignments) is found in the majority of agreements, leases and business structural documents created in the United States. As with many terms commonly used, people are familiar with the ...
Define Assignment Scope. In defining the scope of the assignment, the parties must specify the precise terms of the patent rights being transferred, including the type of interest being assigned, the specific patents or patent applications involved, and the geographic territory in which the assignment applies. This clarity is vital to avoid ...
A contract assignment is a legal agreement between two parties in which one party assigns (gives) its rights under a contract to another party. The term "assignment" is used in the law of contracts to refer to the transfer of rights or duties under a contract from one person or entity to another. An assignment can be made orally or in ...
Synonyms for ASSIGNMENTS: tasks, duties, jobs, projects, chores, missions, responsibilities, functions; Antonyms of ASSIGNMENTS: dismissals, firings, discharges ...
To create a work order for a configured item, a primary work definition for the ATO model must be defined first. There are a few traits about an ATO model work definition that are different from a standard item work definition. ... If the children are assigned, assigning the parent automatically deletes the children's assignments. This means ...
Edited: renamed 'Scope' → 'Tmp Assignment' because the original title was confusing. I'm trying to write a context manager as follows: from enum import Enum class Unbound(Enum): pass class TmpVals(): kwargs: dict reset_variables: dict def __init__(self, **kwargs): self.kwargs = kwargs self.reset_variables = dict() def __enter__(self): for key, value in self.kwargs.items(): try ...
Anatoly Antonov, Russia's ambassador to the United States, has said his assignment is coming to an end, a move that would pave the way for Moscow to send a new envoy to Washington at a time when ...
This paper identifies an underexplored managerial practice - the differential allocation of opportunities in task assignment - as a source of productivity heterogeneity among employees. We define opportunities for productivity (simplified as opportunities in this paper) as a set of favorable conditions that can potentially increase the maximum productivity achievable by employees in ...
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We have a large selection of boats, sails and parts in stock and ready to ship. Configure your boat! Featured. AeroSouth, FS Wood Rigged Rudder, Sunfish, FS-RDD-BLD-FOR-RIG ... Improve the speed and handling of your Sunfish Sailboat with a Sabre Daggerboard. Made of laminated .. $350.00 Add to Cart. AeroSouth, Sunfish Dinghy Bob, DNG-BOB ...
SKU: LPSF11000 Sunfish Recreational Version. Sunfish Recreational Version. $5,950.00. Choose Store Pick Up or Shipping: Qty. Description. Sunfish Recreational Version. Made by Laser Performance. The Sunfish sailboat combines easy rigging and manageability for a comfortable and hassle free sailing experience.
Opti Daggerboard - Flex (Fighter) Zim Sailing. $395.00. Fighter's top-of-the-line daggerboard meets the strictest IODA standards. This is the Fighter 'Flex' daggerboard, designed for athletes under 40kg (88lbs). From Fighter: "Perfect hydrodynamic profile and smooth finish provides a reduction...
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The daggerboard is made to current class standards. For durability and strength the board is made with 2 molds and bonded together.There is a closed cell foam core as well. ... FRPSFDB Price: $325.00 Sale price: $275.00. WE SHIP WORLDWIDE! We charge the actual cost of shipping. You may email us for a shipping cost estimate. Send us email ...
Sunfish, Daggerboard (FRP) Class Legal, 85028. Description. Reviews (0) This complete sunfish daggerboard assembly fits all model year sunfish. The new fiberglass construction makes it very durable and long lasting compared to wooden boards. Class Legal. Fiberglass w/ Stopper Set. This is a Class Legal daggerboard. Old # 66677.
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About Us. I built my first boat in 2005 and found the building process to be almost as much fun as being out on the water. Since that time I have built several boats, some for me and some for others. In December 2019 I decided to buy John Owens' business of making rudders, daggerboards and tillers for several production boats. I always found ...
In the case of the Seward 46RK, the daggerboard, or lifting keel, is comprised of a solid polyester composite, with a fiberglass skin and a series of stainless rods running the length of the foil to both increase stiffness and carry a 7,500lb cast-lead ballast bulb. An electric motor, operated by a set of buttons at the mast, raises and lowers ...
New Sunfish Sailboat Mahogany Daggerboard. Brand New. $225.00. snfish1 (2,045) 100%. or Best Offer. +$19.95 shipping.
Designed for husband/wife or parent/child, the Tasar`s key characteristics are its light weight and moderate sailplan. The Tasar is responsive and easy to handle on and off the water. We try to keep every part in stock and to dispatch within 24 hours of order. You can order online, drop us an e-mail, or give us a call...
Sale price: $99.99: Daggerboard Brake Price: $5.99 Sale price: $2.99: Replacement Gudgeon for Laser® Sailboat Price: $8.21 Sale price: $5.99: Rubber Daggerboard Stop/Bumper Price: $7.50 Sale price: $3.99: Stainless Steel Rudder Pivot Bolt Price: $2.00 Sale price: $1.69: Daggerboard Stop for Laser® & Sunfish® $12.99
Our Price: $629.00. This new high performance replacement rudder blade fits most 21, 22, 25, 26S, 26D with a 1.75" rudder castle opening. This rudder blade is a drop-in replacement for your boat's original blade, no modifications to your boat are necessary.
British tech tycoon Mike Lynch and his 18-year-old daughter are among the six people missing after a luxury yacht sank off the coast of the Italian island of Sicily in the early hours of Monday ...
31' Mariner Ketch - Major Restoration & Repower - New Rigging & Sails Tenants Harbor Maine, Maine Asking $45,000
No one recalls seeing the mast snap on board the 56-metre Perini Navi sailing yacht Bayesian which sunk yesterday (19 August) off the Italian island of Sicily. The eyewitness account of a crewmember on board the vessel, which was obtained by BOAT International, said that the boat was struck by a freak weather event which led to the yacht heeling at around 20 degrees to starboard.
Emergency workers in southern Italy are still hunting for six people missing after a tornado sank a luxury yacht early Monday - prompting an air and naval operation off the coast of Sicily.
This daggerboard fits all model year sunfish. The is the classic wood construction daggerboard. Old # 66677
This 5,878-square-foot house at 4375 County Road 16 in Canandaigua is on the market for $3.45 million.
Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Garelick Sunfish Sailboat Daggerboard Dolly # 71051 at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!
Find new and used boats for sale in Moscow Mills by owner, including boat prices, photos, and more. Find your boat at Boat Trader!
FOR SALE ** OR TRADE ** IS A JET JON BOAT: 1998 ALUMACRAFT JON BOAT WITH A 650CC JET SKI ENGINE MOUNTED INBOARD INCLUDES / FEATURES:. * 14' ALUMACRAFT JON BOAT. * 650CC 2-STROKE YAMAHA MOTOR. * STI... Tools. Over 4 weeks ago on Americanlisted. $5,500 Lund SV 14ft Boat with Yamaha 20hp Motor - Moscow, ID. This is a 14 ft Lund SV fishing boat. ...
Add to Wish List. Description. This daggerboard fits all model year sunfish. The is the classic wood construction daggerboard. Old # 66677. Buy SSunfish, Daggerboard (Classic Wood), sailing gear, sailboat parts, sails and running rigging at Vela Sailing Supply. Technical support, customer service and product information. Vela and sailing supplies.
New and used Boats for sale in Moscow, Idaho on Facebook Marketplace. Find great deals and sell your items for free. New and used Boats for sale in Moscow, Idaho on Facebook Marketplace. ... 1994 Bayliner the boat kind. Lewiston, ID. $7,200. 1987 Hewescraft fisherman. Lewiston, ID. Popular Related Searches. Bayliner Boats. Boat Seats. Boston ...
Sale price: $99.99: Daggerboard Brake Price: $5.99 Sale price: $2.99: Replacement Gudgeon for Laser® Sailboat Price: $8.21 Sale price: $5.99: Rubber Daggerboard Stop/Bumper Price: $7.50 Sale price: $3.99: Stainless Steel Rudder Pivot Bolt Price: $2.00 Sale price: $1.69: Daggerboard Stop for Laser® & Sunfish® $12.99: Tiller Retaining Pin for ...